🔊 "Do you know, Kostya, with whom Sergey Ivanovitch traveled on his way here?" said Dolly, doling out cucumbers and honey to the children; "with Vronsky! He's going to Servia."

“你知道吗,科斯佳,谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇是和谁一起到这里来的？”多莉一边给孩子们分黄瓜和蜂蜜,一边说道,“和弗龙斯基！他要去塞尔维亚。”

🔊 "And not alone; he's taking a squadron out with him at his own expense," said Katavasov. "That's the right thing for him," said Levin. "Are volunteers still going out then?" he added, glancing at Sergey Ivanovitch.

“还不止他一个人；他自费带了一个骑兵连去。”卡塔瓦索夫说。“他这么做挺合适的。”列文说,“那么,现在还有志愿兵在出发吗？”他瞥了谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇一眼,补充道。

🔊

squadron /ˈskwɒdrən/

n. 中队；骑兵中队➕

🔊

expense /ɪkˈspens/

n. 费用；开支➕

🔊

volunteers /ˌvɒlənˈtɪəz/

n. 志愿者（复数）➕

🔊

glancing /ˈɡlɑːnsɪŋ/

v. 瞥视；匆匆一看（现在分词）➕

🔊 Sergey Ivanovitch did not answer. He was carefully with a blunt knife getting a live bee covered with sticky honey out of a cup full of white honeycomb.

谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇没有回答。他正用一把钝刀,小心翼翼地从装满白色蜂巢的杯子里挑出一只沾满黏稠蜂蜜的活蜜蜂。

🔊

blunt /blʌnt/

adj. 钝的；不锋利的➕

🔊

sticky /ˈstɪki/

adj. 粘的；黏性的➕

🔊

honeycomb /ˈhʌnikəʊm/

n. 蜂巢；蜂窝状物➕

🔊 I should think so! You should have seen what was going on at the station yesterday!" said Katavasov, biting with a juicy sound into a cucumber.

“我想是的！你真该看看昨天车站上的情景！”卡塔瓦索夫说,咬了一口黄瓜,发出清脆的响声。

🔊

juicy /ˈdʒuːsi/

adj. 多汁的；有趣的（口语）➕

🔊 Well, what is one to make of it? For mercy's sake, do explain to me, Sergey Ivanovitch, where are all those volunteers going, whom are they fighting with?" asked the old prince, unmistakably taking up a conversation that had sprung up in Levin's absence.

“那么,这是怎么回事？拜托,谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇,请给我解释一下,所有这些志愿兵要到哪里去,他们要跟谁打仗？”老公爵问道,显然是在接续列文不在时已经挑起的话题。

🔊

mercy /ˈmɜːsi/

n. 慈悲；怜悯➕

🔊

sake /seɪk/

n. 缘故；理由（常用于短语 for the sake of）➕

🔊

unmistakably /ˌʌnmɪˈsteɪkəbli/

adv. 毫无疑问地；清楚无误地➕

🔊

sprung /sprʌŋ/

v. 涌现；突然出现（spring的过去分词）➕

🔊

absence /ˈæbsəns/

n. 缺席；不在➕

🔊 With the Turks," Sergey Ivanovitch answered, smiling serenely, as he extricated the bee, dark with honey and helplessly kicking, and put it with the knife on a stout aspen leaf.

“跟土耳其人。”谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇回答,平静地微笑着,他取出那只沾满蜂蜜、无助地蹬着腿的黑色蜜蜂,用刀把它放在一片粗壮的杨树叶上。

🔊

serenely /sɪˈriːnli/

adv. 宁静地；安详地➕

🔊

extricated /ˈekstrɪkeɪtɪd/

v. 解救；解脱（过去式）➕

🔊

helplessly /ˈhelpləsli/

adv. 无助地；无能为力地➕

🔊

stout /staʊt/

adj. 粗壮的；强壮的；结实的➕

🔊 But who has declared war on the Turks?--Ivan Ivanovitch Ragozov and Countess Lidia Ivanovna, assisted by Madame Stahl?"

“可是谁向土耳其人宣战了？--伊万·伊万诺维奇·拉戈佐夫和利季娅·伊万诺夫娜伯爵夫人,还有施塔尔夫人助阵？”

🔊

declared /dɪˈkleəd/

v. 宣布；声明（过去式）➕

🔊

assisted /əˈsɪstɪd/

v. 协助；帮助（过去式）➕

🔊 No one has declared war, but people sympathize with their neighbors' sufferings and are eager to help them," said Sergey Ivanovitch.

“没有人宣战,但人们同情邻邦的苦难,渴望帮助他们。”谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇说。

🔊

sympathize /ˈsɪmpəθaɪz/

v. 同情；理解➕

🔊

sufferings /ˈsʌfərɪŋz/

n. 痛苦；苦难（复数）➕

🔊

eager /ˈiːɡə/

adj. 渴望的；热切的➕

🔊 But the prince is not speaking of help," said Levin, coming to the assistance of his father-in-law, "but of war. The prince says that private persons cannot take part in war without the permission of the government.

“可公爵说的不是帮助,”列文替岳父解围道,“他说的是战争。公爵的意思是,没有政府的允许,个人不能参与战争。”

🔊

prince /prɪns/

n. 王子；亲王➕

🔊

assistance /əˈsɪstəns/

n. 援助；帮助➕

🔊

private /ˈpraɪvɪt/

adj. 私人的；私营的➕

🔊

persons /ˈpɜːsənz/

n. 人（复数,正式用语）➕

🔊

permission /pəˈmɪʃən/

n. 允许；许可➕

🔊

government /ˈɡʌvənmənt/

n. 政府；治理➕

🔊 Kostya, mind, that's a bee! Really, they'll sting us!" said Dolly, waving away a wasp. "But that's not a bee, it's a wasp," said Levin.

“科斯佳,当心,那是一只蜜蜂！真的,它们会蜇我们的！”多莉挥开一只黄蜂,说道。“那不是蜜蜂,是黄蜂。”列文说。

🔊

sting /stɪŋ/

v. 刺；蜇；叮➕

🔊

wasp /wɒsp/

n. 黄蜂➕

🔊 Well now, well, what's your own theory?" Katavasov said to Levin with a smile, distinctly challenging him to a discussion. "Why have not private persons the right to do so?

“那么,好吧,你自己的理论是什么？”卡塔瓦索夫笑着对列文说,显然是在挑战他进行讨论,“为什么个人没有权利这样做？”

🔊

theory /ˈθɪəri/

n. 理论；学说➕

🔊

distinctly /dɪˈstɪŋktli/

adv. 清楚地；明显地➕

🔊

challenging /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/

adj. 具有挑战性的；考验能力的➕

🔊

discussion /dɪˈskʌʃən/

n. 讨论；辩论➕

🔊 Oh, my theory's this: war is on one side such a beastly, cruel, and awful thing, that no one man, not to speak of a Christian, can individually take upon himself the responsibility of beginning wars; that can only be done by a government, which is called upon to do this, and is driven inevitably into war. On the other hand, both political science and common sense teach us that in matters of state, and especially in the matter of war, private citizens must forego their personal individual will."

“哦,我的理论是这样的:战争一方面是一件极其残忍、可怕的事情,没有一个人--更不用说一个基督徒--能够单独承担起发动战争的责任；这件事只能由政府来做,政府被召唤去做这件事,并且是不可避免地被迫卷入战争。另一方面,政治学和常识都告诉我们,在国家事务中,尤其是在战争问题上,公民个人必须放弃自己的个人意志。”

🔊

beastly /ˈbiːstli/

adj. 野兽般的；残忍的；令人不快的➕

🔊

individually /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəli/

adv. 个别地；单独地➕

🔊

responsibility /rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/

n. 责任；职责➕

🔊

inevitably /ɪˈnevɪtəbli/

adv. 不可避免地；必然地➕

🔊

political /pəˈlɪtɪkəl/

adj. 政治的；政党的➕

🔊

science /ˈsaɪəns/

n. 科学；自然科学➕

🔊

common sense /ˈkɒmən sens/

n. 常识；判断力➕

🔊

citizens /ˈsɪtɪzənz/

n. 公民；市民（复数）➕

🔊

forego /fɔːˈɡəʊ/

v. 放弃；摒弃（亦作 forgo）➕

🔊

personal /ˈpɜːsənl/

adj. 个人的；私人的➕

🔊

individual /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/

adj. 个人的；单独的➕

🔊 Sergey Ivanovitch and Katavasov had their replies ready, and both began speaking at the same time.

谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇和卡塔瓦索夫早已准备好反驳,两人同时开始说话。

🔊

replies /rɪˈplaɪz/

n. 答复；回复（复数）➕

🔊 But the point is, my dear fellow, that there may be cases when the government does not carry out the will of the citizens and then the public asserts its will," said Katavasov.

“但关键问题是,亲爱的朋友,可能会存在这样的情况:政府没有执行公民的意志,那么民众就会主张自己的意志。”卡塔瓦索夫说。

🔊

public /ˈpʌblɪk/

n. 公众；民众➕

🔊

asserts /əˈsɜːts/

v. 断言；主张；坚持（第三人称单数）➕

🔊 But evidently Sergey Ivanovitch did not approve of this answer. His brows contracted at Katavasov's words and he said something else.

但显然谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇不同意这个回答。听到卡塔瓦索夫的话,他皱起眉头,说了些别的话。

🔊

evidently /ˈevɪdəntli/

adv. 显然地；明显地➕

🔊

approve /əˈpruːv/

v. 批准；赞同➕

🔊

brows /braʊz/

n. 眉毛（复数）➕

🔊

contracted /kənˈtræktɪd/

v. 收缩；皱眉（过去式）➕

🔊 You don't put the matter in its true light. There is no question here of a declaration of war, but simply the expression of a human Christian feeling. Our brothers, one with us in religion and in race, are being massacred. Even supposing they were not our brothers nor fellow-Christians, but simply children, women, old people, feeling is aroused and Russians go eagerly to help in stopping these atrocities. Fancy, if you were going along the street and saw drunken men beating a woman or a child--I imagine you would not stop to inquire whether war had been declared on the men, but would throw yourself on them, and protect the victim."

“你没有抓住问题的实质。这里无关宣战,而仅仅是人类一种基督徒情感的流露。我们的兄弟,同一信仰、同一民族的人,正在遭到屠杀。就算他们不是我们的兄弟,不是我们的基督徒同胞,而仅仅是儿童、妇女、老人,情感也会被激发,俄罗斯人会热切地前去帮助制止这些暴行。设想一下,如果你走在街上,看见醉汉殴打女人或孩子--我想你不会停下来问问是否已向那醉汉宣战,而是会扑上去保护受害者。”

🔊

declaration /ˌdɛkləˈreɪʃən/

n. 声明；宣布➕

🔊

massacred /ˈmæsəkərd/

v. 残杀（massacre的过去分词）➕

🔊

atrocities /əˈtrɒsɪtiz/

n. 暴行（atrocity的复数）➕

🔊

fellow-Christians /ˈfɛloʊ ˈkrɪstʃənz/

n. 基督徒同胞➕

🔊

victim /ˈvɪktɪm/

n. 受害者；牺牲品➕

🔊 But I should not kill them," said Levin.

“但我不会杀死他们。”列文说。

🔊 Yes, you would kill them."

“不,你会杀死他们的。”

🔊 I don't know. If I saw that, I might give way to my impulse of the moment, but I can't say beforehand. And such a momentary impulse there is not, and there cannot be, in the case of the oppression of the Slavonic peoples."

“我不知道。如果我看到那种情景,我可能会一时冲动,但我不能事先断言。而对于斯拉夫民族受压迫这种事,不存在也不可能有那种一时冲动。”

🔊

impulse /ˈɪmpʌls/

n. 冲动；推动力➕

🔊

momentary /ˈmoʊməntɛri/

adj. 短暂的；片刻的➕

🔊

oppression /əˈprɛʃən/

n. 压迫；压抑➕

🔊 Possibly for you there is not; but for others there is," said Sergey Ivanovitch, frowning with displeasure. "There are traditions still extant among the people of Slavs of the true faith suffering under the yoke of the 'unclean sons of Hagar.' The people have heard of the sufferings of their brethren and have spoken."

“也许你没有那种冲动；但其他人有。”谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇不满地皱着眉头说,“人民中间至今还流传着关于真正信仰的斯拉夫人遭受‘哈加尔的不洁子孙’压迫的传统。人民已经听说了他们兄弟的苦难,并且发出了声音。”

🔊

frowning /ˈfraʊnɪŋ/

v. 皱眉（frown的现在分词）➕

🔊

displeasure /dɪsˈplɛʒər/

n. 不悦；不满➕

🔊

traditions /trəˈdɪʃənz/

n. 传统（tradition的复数）➕

🔊

extant /ɛkˈstænt/

adj. 现存的；尚存的➕

🔊

yoke /joʊk/

n. 轭；束缚；枷锁➕

🔊

brethren /ˈbrɛðrən/

n. 兄弟们；同胞（古语或宗教用语）➕

🔊 Perhaps so," said Levin evasively; "but I don't see it. I'm one of the people myself, and I don't feel it.

“也许是吧。”列文含糊其辞地说,“但我没看到。我自己就是人民的一员,我没有这种感觉。”

🔊

evasively /ɪˈveɪsɪvli/

adv. 逃避地；闪烁其词地➕

🔊 Here am I too," said the old prince. "I've been staying abroad and reading the papers, and I must own, up to the time of the Bulgarian atrocities, I couldn't make out why it was all the Russians were all of a sudden so fond of their Slavonic brethren, while I didn't feel the slightest affection for them. I was very much upset, thought I was a monster, or that it was the influence of Carlsbad on me. But since I have been here, my mind's been set at rest. I see that there are people besides me who're only interested in Russia, and not in their Slavonic brethren. Here's Konstantin too."

“我也是。”老公爵说,“我一直在国外,看报纸,我必须承认,直到出现保加利亚暴行之前,我都不明白为什么所有俄罗斯人突然如此热爱他们的斯拉夫兄弟,而我却对他们没有丝毫感情。我很不安,以为自己是怪物,或者是受卡尔斯巴德影响。但自从回到这里,我就放心了。我发现不光是我,还有别人只关心俄罗斯,而不关心他们的斯拉夫兄弟。康斯坦丁也是这样。”

🔊

affection /əˈfɛkʃən/

n. 喜爱；感情➕

🔊

monster /ˈmɒnstər/

n. 怪物；怪兽；恶人➕

🔊

influence /ˈɪnfluəns/

n. 影响；势力➕

🔊 Personal opinions mean nothing in such a case," said Sergey Ivanovitch; "it's not a matter of personal opinions when all Russia--the whole people--has expressed its will."

“在这种情况下,个人意见毫无意义。”谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇说,“当整个俄罗斯--全体人民--已经表达了自己的意志时,这不是讲个人意见的事。”

🔊

expressed /ɪkˈsprɛst/

v. 表达（express的过去分词）➕

🔊

will /wɪl/

n. 意志；意愿➕

🔊 But excuse me, I don't see that. The people don't know anything about it, if you come to that," said the old prince.

“但请原谅,我看不出这点。要说起来,人民对此一无所知。”老公爵说。

🔊 Oh, papa!... how can you say that? And last Sunday in church?" said Dolly, listening to the conversation. "Please give me a cloth," she said to the old man, who was looking at the children with a smile. "Why, it's not possible that all..."

“哦,爸爸！……你怎么能这么说？上星期天在教会里不是说过吗？”多莉倾听着谈话,说道,“请给我一块布。”她对着那位正微笑着看孩子们的老农夫说,“怎么,不可能所有人都……”

🔊 But what was it in church on Sunday? The priest had been told to read that. He read it. They didn't understand a word of it. Then they were told that there was to be a collection for a pious object in church; well, they pulled out their halfpence and gave them, but what for they couldn't say."

“可是星期天在教会里说了什么？是神父被吩咐读的。他读了。他们一个字也没听懂。然后他们被告知教会里要为一个虔诚的目的募捐；好吧,他们掏出了小钱捐了,但为了什么他们却说不上来。”

🔊

priest /priːst/

n. 神父；牧师➕

🔊

collection /kəˈlɛkʃən/

n. 收集；募捐；收藏品➕

🔊

pious /ˈpaɪəs/

adj. 虔诚的；敬神的➕

🔊

halfpence /ˈheɪpəns/

n. 半便士（旧币,halfpenny的复数）➕

🔊 The people cannot help knowing; the sense of their own destinies is always in the people, and at such moments as the present that sense finds utterance," said Sergey Ivanovitch with conviction, glancing at the old bee-keeper.

“人民不可能不知道；人民始终意识到自己的命运,而在像目前这样的时刻,那种意识会表达出来。”谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇深信不疑地说,瞥了一眼那位老养蜂人。

🔊

destinies /ˈdɛstɪniz/

n. 命运（destiny的复数）➕

🔊

utterance /ˈʌtərəns/

n. 言论；表达；发声➕

🔊

conviction /kənˈvɪkʃən/

n. 信念；坚信；定罪➕

🔊

bee-keeper /ˈbiː ˌkiːpər/

n. 养蜂人➕

🔊 The handsome old man, with black grizzled beard and thick silvery hair, stood motionless, holding a cup of honey, looking down from the height of his tall figure with friendly serenity at the gentlefolk, obviously understanding nothing of their conversation and not caring to understand it.

那位相貌堂堂的老人,长着花白的黑胡子和浓密的银发,一动不动地站着,手里端着一杯蜂蜜,从他那高大的身躯上俯视着这群绅士淑女,神情友善而平静,显然对他们的谈话一无所知,也不想去弄明白。

🔊

grizzled /ˈɡrɪzəld/

adj. 灰色的；花白的（毛发）➕

🔊

silvery /ˈsɪlvəri/

adj. 银白色的；银色的➕

🔊

motionless /ˈmoʊʃənləs/

adj. 静止的；一动不动的➕

🔊

serenity /səˈrɛnəti/

n. 宁静；安详➕

🔊

gentlefolk /ˈdʒɛntl foʊk/

n. 上流社会人士；有教养的人➕

🔊 That's so, no doubt," he said, with a significant shake of his head at Sergey Ivanovitch's words.

“没错,毫无疑问。”他听了谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇的话,意味深长地摇了摇头说。

🔊

significant /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/

adj. 重要的；有意义的；显著的➕

🔊 Here, then, ask him. He knows nothing about it and thinks nothing," said Levin. "Have you heard about the war, Mihalitch?" he said, turning to him. "What they read in the church? What do you think about it? Ought we to fight for the Christians?

“那么,问他好了。他什么都不知道,也不去想。”列文说,“你听说过战争的事吗,米哈雷奇？”他转向那人问道,“他们在教会里读的？你怎么看？我们应该为基督徒而战吗？”

🔊 What should we think? Alexander Nikolaevitch our Emperor has thought for us; he thinks for us indeed in all things. It's clearer for him to see. Shall I bring a bit more bread? Give the little lad some more?" he said addressing Darya Alexandrovna and pointing to Grisha, who had finished his crust.

“我们有什么好想的？我们的皇帝亚历山大·尼古拉耶维奇已经替我们想好了；他确实替我们想好了一切。他看得更清楚。要不要我再拿点面包？再给这小家伙一点？”他问达里娅·亚历山德罗夫娜,指了指已经吃完面包皮的格里沙。

🔊 I don't need to ask," said Sergey Ivanovitch, "we have seen and are seeing hundreds and hundreds of people who give up everything to serve a just cause, come from every part of Russia, and directly and clearly express their thought and aim. They bring their halfpence or go themselves and say directly what for. What does it mean?"

“不需要我来问。”谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇说,“我们见到而且现在还在见到成百上千的人,他们来自俄罗斯各地,放弃一切去为一个正义的事业服务,直接而清楚地表达他们的思想和目标。他们带来小钱,或者亲自前去,直接说出为什么。这意味着什么？”

🔊 It means, to my thinking," said Levin, who was beginning to get warm, "that among eighty millions of people there can always be found not hundreds, as now, but tens of thousands of people who have lost caste, ne'er-do-wells, who are always ready to go anywhere--to Pugatchev's bands, to Khiva, to Servia..."

“依我看,”列文开始激动起来,说道,“在八千万人当中,总能找到成百上千--不,现在就有成千上万--无家可归的、游手好闲的人,他们随时准备去任何地方--加入普加乔夫的队伍,去希瓦,去塞尔维亚……”

🔊

caste /kɑːst/

n. 社会等级；种姓制度➕

🔊

ne'er-do-wells /ˈnɛərduːˌwɛlz/

n. 无用的人；游手好闲者➕

🔊 I tell you that it's not a case of hundreds or of ne'er-do-wells, but the best representatives of the people!" said Sergey Ivanovitch, with as much irritation as if he were defending the last penny of his fortune. "And what of the subscriptions? In this case it is a whole people directly expressing their will."

“我告诉你,这不是几百个或者游手好闲之徒的问题,而是人民的优秀代表！”谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇说,恼火得仿佛在捍卫自己最后一分钱,“至于捐款呢？在这种情况下,全体人民直接表达了他们的意志。”

🔊

irritation /ˌɪrɪˈteɪʃn/

n. 恼怒；刺激➕

🔊

subscriptions /səbˈskrɪpʃnz/

n. 订阅；捐款；会费➕

🔊 That word 'people' is so vague," said Levin. "Parish clerks, teachers, and one in a thousand of the peasants, maybe, know what it's all about. The rest of the eighty millions, like Mihalitch, far from expressing their will, haven't the faintest idea what there is for them to express their will about. What right have we to say that this is the people's will?"

“人民”这个词太模糊了。”列文说,“教区文书、教师,以及千分之一的农民,也许知道这是怎么回事。其余八千万人,像米哈雷奇那样,根本谈不上表达意志,他们甚至完全不知道有什么东西需要表达意志。我们有什么权利说这就是人民的意志？”

🔊

vague /veɪɡ/

adj. 模糊的；含糊的➕

🔊

parish /ˈpærɪʃ/

n. 教区➕

🔊

peasants /ˈpeznts/

n. 农民；小农➕

🔊 I don't understand you," said Sergey Ivanovitch, frowning.

“我不理解你。”谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇皱着眉头说。

🔊 But that's not so," said Levin.

“但事实并非如此。”列文说。

🔊 Then you are a pacifist," said Katavasov.

“那么你是个和平主义者。”卡塔瓦索夫说。

🔊

pacifist /ˈpæsɪfɪst/

n. 和平主义者；反战者➕

🔊 Come, come," said Dolly, rising.

“好了,好了。”多莉站起身来说。

Part Eight – Chapter fifteen (第十五章)

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