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Book I. Waterloo – Chapter sixteen: Quot Libras in Duce? (第十六章:统帅身上有多少磅?)

探索《悲惨世界》第16章,包含英文原文、简体中文翻译、详细IELTS词汇及解释,以及英文原版音频。聆听并提升你的阅读能力。

英文原文
翻译
雅思词汇 (ZH-CN)

第十六章:统帅身上有多少磅?滑铁卢战役是个谜。胜利者与失败者一样对它感到困惑。对拿破仑而言,这是一场恐慌;22 布吕歇尔从中只看到了火焰;威灵顿对此毫无头绪。看那些报告。公报混乱,评论缠杂不清。有人结结巴巴,有人口齿不清。若米尼将滑铁卢战役分为四个阶段;米弗林将其切割为三次转折;唯有夏拉,尽管我们在某些观点上与他意见相左,却用他那高傲的目光捕捉到了这场人类天才与天意冲撞的灾难性轮廓。其余的历史学家都或多或少被炫目所困,在晕眩中摸索。那是电光闪耀的一天;事实上,是军事君主制的崩塌,它令众王瞠目结舌,将所有王国拖入其身后--力量的坠落,战争的溃败。

🔊
enigma /ɪˈnɪɡmə/
n. 谜,令人困惑的事物
🔊
obscure /əbˈskjʊr/
adj. 模糊的,难以理解的
🔊
panic /ˈpænɪk/
n. 恐慌,惊慌
🔊
bulletins /ˈbʊlɪtɪnz/
n. 公告,新闻简报
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commentaries /ˈkɒməntɛriz/
n. 评论,注解
🔊
involved /ɪnˈvɒlvd/
adj. 复杂难懂的
🔊
haughty /ˈhɔːti/
adj. 傲慢的,高傲的
🔊
catastrophe /kəˈtæstrəfi/
n. 大灾难,灾祸
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genius /ˈdʒiːniəs/
n. 天才,天赋
🔊
conflict /ˈkɒnflɪkt/
n. 冲突,抵触
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divine /dɪˈvaɪn/
adj. 神圣的,神的
🔊
historians /hɪˈstɔːriənz/
n. 历史学家
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dazzled /ˈdæzld/
adj. 眼花缭乱的,目眩的
🔊
fumble /ˈfʌmbl/
v. 摸索,笨手笨脚地做
🔊
brilliancy /ˈbrɪliənsi/
n. 光辉,辉煌
🔊
monarchy /ˈmɒnəki/
n. 君主制,君主国
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stupefaction /ˌstjuːpɪˈfækʃn/
n. 惊愕,目瞪口呆
🔊
defeat /dɪˈfiːt/
n. 失败,击败
🔊 In this event, stamped with superhuman necessity, the part played by men amounts to nothing. If we take Waterloo from Wellington and Blücher, do we thereby deprive England and Germany of anything? No. Neither that illustrious England nor that august Germany enter into the problem of Waterloo. Thank Heaven, nations are great, independently of the lugubrious feats of the sword. Neither England, nor Germany, nor France is contained in a scabbard. At this epoch when Waterloo is only a clashing of swords, above Blücher, Germany has Schiller; above Wellington, England has Byron. A vast dawn of ideas is the peculiarity of our century, and in that aurora England and Germany have a magnificent radiance. They are majestic because they think. The elevation of level which they contribute to civilization is intrinsic with them; it proceeds from themselves and not from an accident. The aggrandizement which they have brought to the nineteenth century has not Waterloo as its source. It is only barbarous peoples who undergo rapid growth after a victory. That is the temporary vanity of torrents swelled by a storm. Civilized people, especially in our day, are neither elevated nor abased by the good or bad fortune of a captain. Their specific gravity in the human species results from something more than a combat. Their honor, thank God! their dignity, their intelligence, their genius, are not numbers which those gamblers, heroes and conquerors, can put in the lottery of battles. Often a battle is lost and progress is conquered. There is less glory and more liberty. The drum holds its peace; reason takes the word. It is a game in which he who loses wins. Let us, therefore, speak of Waterloo coldly from both sides. Let us render to chance that which is due to chance, and to God that which is due to God. What is Waterloo? A victory? No. The winning number in the lottery. The quine won by Europe, paid by France.

在这一刻,印刻着超自然必然性的事件中,人所扮演的角色微不足道。若将滑铁卢从威灵顿和布吕歇尔手中夺走,我们是否就剥夺了英国和德国的一切?不。无论是那个辉煌的英国,还是那个庄严的德国,都不涉及滑铁卢的问题。谢天谢地,民族是伟大的,独立于刀剑的阴郁功绩。英国、德国、法国,都不被包裹在剑鞘中。在这个时代,当滑铁卢只是刀剑的交击时,超越布吕歇尔,德国拥有席勒;超越威灵顿,英国拥有拜伦。思想的伟大曙光是我们世纪的特质,在那晨曦中,英国和德国散发着绚丽的光芒。他们之所以庄严,是因为他们在思考。他们为文明带来的水平提升是内在的;这源于他们自身,而非偶然。他们带给19世纪的提升并非源于滑铁卢。只有野蛮的民族才会在胜利后迅速壮大。那是暴风雨中膨胀的激流的暂时虚荣。文明民族,尤其在今天,不会因一位统帅的成败而升降。他们在人类物种中的比重源于比战斗更重要的东西。他们的荣誉,感谢上帝!他们的尊严,他们的智慧,他们的天才,不是那些赌徒、英雄和征服者可以投入战役彩票的数字。通常一场战役输了,但进步赢了。少了荣耀,多了自由。鼓声沉默;理性发言。这是一场输者赢的游戏。因此,让我们冷眼从双方谈论滑铁卢。把属于偶然的还给偶然,把属于上帝的还给上帝。什么是滑铁卢?一场胜利?不。是彩票中的中奖号码。是欧洲赢得的五连号,由法国买单。

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superhuman /ˌsuːpəˈhjuːmən/
adj. 超人的,超出常人的
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necessity /nəˈsesəti/
n. 必要性,必需品
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deprive /dɪˈpraɪv/
v. 剥夺,使丧失
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illustrious /ɪˈlʌstriəs/
adj. 杰出的,著名的
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august /ɔːˈɡʌst/
adj. 威严的,庄重的
🔊
lugubrious /luːˈɡuːbriəs/
adj. 阴郁的,悲伤的
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feats /fiːts/
n. 功绩,技艺
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scabbard /ˈskæbərd/
n. 剑鞘
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epoch /ˈiːpɒk/
n. 时代,纪元
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clashing /ˈklæʃɪŋ/
n. 碰撞声,冲突
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peculiarity /pɪˌkjuːliˈærəti/
n. 特性,怪癖
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aurora /ɔːˈrɔːrə/
n. 曙光,极光
🔊
magnificent /mæɡˈnɪfɪsnt/
adj. 壮丽的,宏伟的
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radiance /ˈreɪdiəns/
n. 光辉,发光
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majestic /məˈdʒestɪk/
adj. 雄伟的,威严的
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elevation /ˌelɪˈveɪʃn/
n. 提升,高度
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intrinsic /ɪnˈtrɪnsɪk/
adj. 内在的,固有的
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aggrandizement /əˈɡrændɪzmənt/
n. 扩大,提高(权力、地位等)
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barbarous /ˈbɑːrbərəs/
adj. 野蛮的,未开化的
🔊
vanity /ˈvænəti/
n. 虚荣,自负
🔊
torrents /ˈtɒrənts/
n. 急流,洪流
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swelled /sweld/
adj. 膨胀的,涨起的(动词过去分词作形容词)
🔊
civilized /ˈsɪvəlaɪzd/
adj. 文明的,开化的
🔊
abased /əˈbeɪst/
adj. 卑下的,降格的
🔊
dignity /ˈdɪɡnəti/
n. 尊严,高贵
🔊
intelligence /ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/
n. 智慧,智力
🔊
conquerors /ˈkɒŋkərəz/
n. 征服者
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lottery /ˈlɒtəri/
n. 彩票,抽奖
🔊
glory /ˈɡlɔːri/
n. 光荣,荣耀
🔊
liberty /ˈlɪbərti/
n. 自由
🔊
coldly /ˈkoʊldli/
adv. 冷淡地,冷静地
🔊
render /ˈrendər/
v. 给予,提供;使成为
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winning /ˈwɪnɪŋ/
adj. 获胜的,有吸引力的
🔊 It was not worthwhile to place a lion there. Waterloo, moreover, is the strangest encounter in history. Napoleon and Wellington. They are not enemies; they are opposites. Never did God, who is fond of antitheses, make a more striking contrast, a more extraordinary comparison. On one side, precision, foresight, geometry, prudence, an assured retreat, reserves spared, with an obstinate coolness, an imperturbable method, strategy, which takes advantage of the ground, tactics, which preserve the equilibrium of battalions, carnage, executed according to rule, war regulated, watch in hand, nothing voluntarily left to chance, the ancient classic courage, absolute regularity; on the other, intuition, divination, military oddity, superhuman instinct, a flaming glance, an indescribable something which gazes like an eagle, and which strikes like the lightning, a prodigious art in disdainful impetuosity, all the mysteries of a profound soul, associated with destiny; the stream, the plain, the forest, the hill, summoned, and in a manner, forced to obey, the despot going even so far as to tyrannize over the field of battle; faith in a star mingled with strategic science, elevating but perturbing it. Wellington was the Barême of war; Napoleon was its Michelangelo; and on this occasion, genius was vanquished by calculation. On both sides someone was awaited. It was the exact calculator who succeeded. Napoleon was waiting for Grouchy; he did not come. Wellington expected Blücher; he came.

放一头狮子在那里并不值得。此外,滑铁卢是历史上最奇异的交锋。拿破仑与威灵顿。他们不是敌人;他们是对立面。喜爱反论的上帝从未创造过更惊人的对比,更非凡的比较。一方是精确、预见、几何、谨慎、有保障的撤退、保留的预备队、顽强的冷静、镇定的方法、利用地形的战略、保持营队平衡的战术、按规则执行的杀戮、手表中掌控的战争、没有自愿留给偶然的余地、古老的经典勇气、绝对的有序;另一方是直觉、占卜、军事的奇特、超人的本能、火焰般的目光、犹如鹰隼凝视又如闪电击打般不可名状的东西、在傲慢的冲动中流露出的惊人艺术、与命运相连的深邃灵魂的所有奥秘;河流、平原、森林、山丘被召唤,且可以说被迫服从,暴君甚至将战场置于暴政之下;对星辰的信仰与战略科学交织,提升它却扰乱了它。威灵顿是战争的算术家;拿破仑是战争的米开朗基罗;而这一次,天才被计算打败。双方都在等待某人。是精确的计算者成功了。拿破仑在等待格鲁希;他没来。威灵顿在等待布吕歇尔;他来了。

🔊
worthwhile /ˌwɜːrθˈwaɪl/
adj. 值得的,有价值的
🔊
encounter /ɪnˈkaʊntər/
n. 遭遇,相遇
🔊
opposites /ˈɒpəzɪts/
n. 对手,对立面
🔊
antitheses /ænˈtɪθəsiːz/
n. 对照,对立面(antithesis的复数)
🔊
striking /ˈstraɪkɪŋ/
adj. 显著的,引人注目的
🔊
extraordinary /ɪkˈstrɔːrdɪneri/
adj. 非凡的,特别的
🔊
precision /prɪˈsɪʒn/
n. 精确,精准
🔊
foresight /ˈfɔːrsaɪt/
n. 远见,先见之明
🔊
geometry /dʒiˈɒmətri/
n. 几何学
🔊
prudence /ˈpruːdns/
n. 谨慎,慎重
🔊
obstinate /ˈɒbstɪnət/
adj. 固执的,顽强的
🔊
imperturbable /ˌɪmpərˈtɜːrbəbl/
adj. 沉着冷静的,不慌不忙的
🔊
tactics /ˈtæktɪks/
n. 战术,策略
🔊
equilibrium /ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbriəm/
n. 平衡,均衡
🔊
battalions /bəˈtæliənz/
n. 营(军队单位)
🔊
carnage /ˈkɑːrnɪdʒ/
n. 大屠杀,残杀
🔊
voluntarily /ˌvɑːlənˈterəli/
adv. 自愿地
🔊
courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/
n. 勇气,胆量
🔊
regularity /ˌreɡjuˈlærəti/
n. 规律性,规则性
🔊
intuition /ˌɪntuˈɪʃn/
n. 直觉
🔊
divination /ˌdɪvɪˈneɪʃn/
n. 占卜,预言
🔊
instinct /ˈɪnstɪŋkt/
n. 本能,天性
🔊
indescribable /ˌɪndɪˈskraɪbəbl/
adj. 难以描述的
🔊
prodigious /prəˈdɪdʒəs/
adj. 巨大的,惊人的
🔊
disdainful /dɪsˈdeɪnfl/
adj. 轻蔑的,鄙视的
🔊
impetuosity /ɪmˌpetʃuˈɒsəti/
n. 急躁,冲动
🔊
mysteries /ˈmɪstəriz/
n. 神秘事物(复数)
🔊
profound /prəˈfaʊnd/
adj. 深远的,深刻的
🔊
destiny /ˈdestɪni/
n. 命运,天命
🔊
despot /ˈdespɒt/
n. 暴君,独裁者
🔊
tyrannize /ˈtɪrənaɪz/
v. 暴虐地统治,欺压
🔊
strategic /strəˈtiːdʒɪk/
adj. 战略的,策略的
🔊
vanquished /ˈvæŋkwɪʃt/
v. 被征服,被击败(过去分词)
🔊
calculator /ˈkælkjuleɪtər/
n. 计算者,计算器
🔊
succeeded /səkˈsiːdɪd/
v. 成功,接替(过去式)
🔊
expected /ɪkˈspektɪd/
v. 期待,预期(过去式)
🔊 Wellington is classic war taking its revenge. Bonaparte, at his dawning, had encountered him in Italy, and beaten him superbly. The old owl had fled before the young vulture. The old tactics had been not only struck as by lightning, but disgraced. Who was that Corsican of six and twenty? What signified that splendid ignoramus, who, with everything against him, nothing in his favor, without provisions, without ammunition, without cannon, without shoes, almost without an army, with a mere handful of men against masses, hurled himself on Europe combined, and absurdly won victories in the impossible? Whence had issued that fulminating convict, who almost without taking breath, and with the same set of combatants in hand, pulverized, one after the other, the five armies of the emperor of Germany, upsetting Beaulieu on Alvinzi, Wurmser on Beaulieu, Mélas on Wurmser, Mack on Mélas? Who was this novice in war with the effrontery of a luminary? The academical military school excommunicated him, and as it lost its footing; hence, the implacable rancor of the old Caesarism against the new; of the regular sword against the flaming sword; and of the exchequer against genius. On the 18th of June, 1815, that rancor had the last word, and beneath Lodi, Montebello, Montenotte, Mantua, Arcola, it wrote: Waterloo. A triumph of the mediocres which is sweet to the majority. Destiny consented to this irony. In his decline, Napoleon found Wurmser, the younger, again in front of him. In fact, to get Wurmser, it sufficed to blanch the hair of Wellington.

威灵顿是经典战争在复仇。拿破仑在开端时曾在意大利遇到他,并漂亮地击败了他。老猫头鹰在幼雕面前逃窜。老战术不仅被闪电击中,更受耻辱。那个二十六岁的科西嘉人是谁?那个辉煌的无知者意味着什么?他一切不利,毫无优势,没有给养,没有弹药,没有大炮,没有鞋子,几乎没有军队,只有一小撮人对抗大群敌人,冲向联合的欧洲,荒谬地在不可能中赢得胜利?那个闪击的罪人从何而来?他几乎不停歇,用同一批战士接连粉碎了德意志皇帝的五支军队,击溃了博利厄、阿尔文齐、乌尔姆塞、梅拉斯和麦克。这个战争新手是何方神圣,竟有天文学家的厚颜?学术军事学院将他逐出,并失去了立足之地;因此,旧的凯撒主义对新凯撒主义产生了不可调和的仇恨;常规之剑对火焰之剑;财政对天才。1815年6月18日,那种仇恨有了最后的话语,在洛迪、蒙泰贝洛、蒙特诺特、曼图亚、阿尔科拉之下,写下了:滑铁卢。平庸之人的胜利,为多数人所乐见。命运同意了这种讽刺。在其衰落中,拿破仑再次遇到了年轻的乌尔姆塞。事实上,要得到乌尔姆塞,只需将威灵顿的头发变白。

🔊
revenge /rɪˈvendʒ/
n. 报复,复仇
🔊
dawning /ˈdɔːnɪŋ/
n. 黎明,开端
🔊
encountered /ɪnˈkaʊntərd/
v. 遭遇,遇到(过去式)
🔊
superbly /suːˈpɜːrbli/
adv. 极好地,卓越地
🔊
vulture /ˈvʌltʃər/
n. 秃鹫(比喻贪婪的人)
🔊
disgraced /dɪsˈɡreɪst/
adj. 蒙羞的,失宠的
🔊
splendid /ˈsplendɪd/
adj. 辉煌的,极好的
🔊
ignoramus /ˌɪɡnəˈreɪməs/
n. 无知者,蠢人
🔊
provisions /prəˈvɪʒnz/
n. 供给,粮食
🔊
ammunition /ˌæmjuˈnɪʃn/
n. 弹药
🔊
handful /ˈhændfʊl/
n. 一把,少数
🔊
masses /ˈmæsɪz/
n. 群众,大量
🔊
hurled /hɜːrld/
v. 猛投,用力掷(过去式)
🔊
absurdly /əbˈsɜːrdli/
adv. 荒谬地,可笑地
🔊
victories /ˈvɪktəriz/
n. 胜利(复数)
🔊
fulminating /ˈfʊlmɪneɪtɪŋ/
adj. 爆发的,严厉谴责的
🔊
convict /ˈkɒnvɪkt/
n. 罪犯
🔊
pulverized /ˈpʌlvəraɪzd/
v. 粉碎,摧毁(过去式)
🔊
upsetting /ʌpˈsetɪŋ/
v. 打乱,使心烦(动词现在分词)
🔊
novice /ˈnɒvɪs/
n. 新手,初学者
🔊
effrontery /ɪˈfrʌntəri/
n. 厚颜无耻,傲慢鲁莽
🔊
excommunicated /ˌekskəˈmjuːnɪkeɪtɪd/
v. 开除,逐出(过去式)
🔊
implacable /ɪmˈplækəbl/
adj. 无法平息的,不能安抚的
🔊
rancor /ˈræŋkər/
n. 怨恨,敌意
🔊
exchequer /ɪksˈtʃekər/
n. 国库,财政部
🔊
triumph /ˈtraɪʌmf/
n. 胜利,成功
🔊
irony /ˈaɪrəni/
n. 讽刺,反讽
🔊
decline /dɪˈklaɪn/
n. 衰落,衰退
🔊
blanch /blæntʃ/
v. 使变白,使苍白
🔊 Waterloo is a battle of the first order, won by a captain of the second. That which must be admired in the battle of Waterloo, is England; the English firmness, the English resolution, the English blood; the superb thing about England there, no offence to her, was herself. It was not her captain; it was her army. Wellington, oddly ungrateful, declares in a letter to Lord Bathurst, that his army, the army which fought on the 18th of June, 1815, was a "detestable army." What does that sombre intermingling of bones buried beneath the furrows of Waterloo think of that? England has been too modest in the matter of Wellington. To make Wellington so great is to belittle England. Wellington is nothing but a hero like many another. Those Scotch Grays, those Horse Guards, those regiments of Maitland and of Mitchell, that infantry of Pack and Kempt, that cavalry of Ponsonby and Somerset, those Highlanders playing the pibroch under the shower of grapeshot, those battalions of Rylandt, those utterly raw recruits, who hardly knew how to handle a musket holding their own against Essling's and Rivoli's old troops-- that is what was grand. Wellington was tenacious; in that lay his merit, and we are not seeking to lessen it: but the least of his foot-soldiers and of his cavalry would have been as solid as he. The iron soldier is worth as much as the Iron Duke. As for us, all our glorification goes to the English soldier, to the English army, to the English people. If trophy there be, it is to England that the trophy is due. The column of Waterloo would be more just, if, instead of the figure of a man, it bore on high the statue of a people.

滑铁卢是一流的战役,却由二流的统帅赢得。在滑铁卢战役中必须赞赏的是英国;英国的坚韧、英国的决心、英国的鲜血;英国在那里的卓越之处,并无冒犯之意,是其自身。不是她的统帅,而是她的军队。威灵顿,古怪地忘恩负义,在给巴瑟斯特勋爵的信中称他的军队--这支在1815年6月18日作战的军队--是一支“可恶的军队”。那埋在滑铁卢犁沟下的阴森白骨堆会怎么想?英国在涉及威灵顿时过于谦逊了。把威灵顿捧得太高就是贬低英国。威灵顿不过是像许多其他英雄一样的英雄。那些苏格兰灰骑、那些近卫骑兵、那些梅特兰和米切尔的团、派克和肯普特的步兵、庞森比和萨默塞特的骑兵、在葡萄弹雨下演奏风笛的高地人、那些赖兰特营,几乎不懂如何使用火枪的新兵,顽强对抗埃斯林和里沃利的老兵--那才是伟大的。威灵顿很顽强;这是他之所在,我们无意削弱;但他麾下最不起眼的步兵或骑兵也和他一样坚韧。铁兵与铁公爵价值相当。至于我们,所有赞美都归于英国士兵、英国军队、英国人民。若有战利品,那战利品属于英国。滑铁卢纪念碑若顶端不是一个人像,而是托举着一个民族的雕像,会更加公正。

🔊
admired /ədˈmaɪərd/
v. 钦佩,赞赏(过去分词)
🔊
firmness /ˈfɜːrmnəs/
n. 坚定,稳固
🔊
resolution /ˌrezəˈluːʃn/
n. 决心,决议
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superb /suːˈpɜːrb/
adj. 极好的,华丽的
🔊
offence /əˈfens/
n. 冒犯,攻击
🔊
oddly /ˈɒdli/
adv. 奇怪地,古怪地
🔊
ungrateful /ʌnˈɡreɪtfl/
adj. 忘恩负义的,不领情的
🔊
detestable /dɪˈtestəbl/
adj. 可憎的,讨厌的
🔊
sombre /ˈsɒmbər/
adj. 阴沉的,忧郁的
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intermingling /ˌɪntərˈmɪŋɡlɪŋ/
n. 混合,交织
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furrows /ˈfʌroʊz/
n. 犁沟,皱纹
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belittle /bɪˈlɪtl/
v. 贬低,轻视
🔊
regiments /ˈredʒɪmənts/
n. 兵团,军团(复数)
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infantry /ˈɪnfəntri/
n. 步兵
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cavalry /ˈkævəlri/
n. 骑兵
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Highlanders /ˈhaɪləndərz/
n. 高地人,苏格兰高地士兵
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grapeshot /ˈɡreɪpʃɒt/
n. 葡萄弹(军事)
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recruits /rɪˈkruːts/
n. 新兵,新成员(复数)
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musket /ˈmʌskɪt/
n. 滑膛枪(旧式火器)
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tenacious /təˈneɪʃəs/
adj. 顽强的,坚韧的
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merit /ˈmerɪt/
n. 优点,价值
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lessen /ˈlesn/
v. 减少,减轻
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trophy /ˈtrəʊfi/
n. 奖杯,战利品
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column /ˈkɒləm/
n. 柱子,纪念碑
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statue /ˈstætʃuː/
n. 雕像,塑像

但伟大的英国会对我们这里说的话感到愤怒。她仍然珍视,在她自己的1688年和我们的1789年之后,封建幻想。她相信世袭和等级。这个在力量与荣耀上无与伦比的民族,视自身为一个国家,而非一个人民。而作为一个人民,它心甘情愿地服从,以一位领主为首。作为工人,它允许自己被蔑视;作为士兵,它允许自己被鞭打。人们会记得,在因克曼战役中,一名似乎拯救了军队的中士,却未能被拉格伦勋爵提及,因为英国军事等级制度不允许在报告中提到军官级别以下的任何英雄。我们在诸如滑铁卢这样的交锋中最赞赏的是机遇的奇妙巧妙。一夜的降雨,乌古蒙的墙,奥安凹陷路,格鲁希对炮声充耳不闻,拿破仑的向导误导了他,比洛的向导启发了他--整个这场灾难被奇妙地导演。

🔊
cherishes /ˈtʃerɪʃɪz/
v. 珍视,怀有(情感)
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feudal /ˈfjuːdl/
adj. 封建的
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illusion /ɪˈluːʒn/
n. 幻觉,错觉
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heredity /həˈredəti/
n. 遗传,继承
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hierarchy /ˈhaɪərɑːrki/
n. 等级制度,层级
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surpassed /sərˈpæst/
v. 超越,超过(过去分词)
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subordinates /səˈbɔːrdɪneɪts/
v. 使服从,使处于从属地位(第三人称单数)
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workman /ˈwɜːrkmən/
n. 工人,工匠
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disdained /dɪsˈdeɪnd/
v. 被蔑视,鄙视(过去分词)
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flogged /flɒɡd/
v. 鞭打(过去分词)
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sergeant /ˈsɑːrdʒənt/
n. 中士,军士
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grade /ɡreɪd/
n. 等级,级别
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marvellous /ˈmɑːrvələs/
adj. 令人惊叹的,极好的
🔊
cleverness /ˈklevərnəs/
n. 聪明,巧妙
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nocturnal /nɒkˈtɜːrnl/
adj. 夜间的,夜行的
🔊
hollow /ˈhɒloʊ/
adj. 空的,凹陷的
🔊
deceiving /dɪˈsiːvɪŋ/
v. 欺骗,误导(动词现在分词)
🔊
enlightening /ɪnˈlaɪtnɪŋ/
v. 启发,指导(动词现在分词)
🔊
cataclysm /ˈkætəklɪzəm/
n. 大灾难,剧变
🔊
wonderfully /ˈwʌndərfəli/
adv. 令人惊奇地,极好地

总体而言,让我们直说吧,在滑铁卢,这更像一场屠杀而非战役。在所有会战中,滑铁卢是战线相对于战斗人数最狭窄的一次。拿破仑四分之三法里;威灵顿半法里;双方各七万二千名战斗人员。由此密度引发了屠杀。进行了以下计算,并确立了以下比例:伤亡人数:在奥斯特利茨,法军百分之十四;俄军百分之三十;奥地利军百分之四十四。在瓦格拉姆,法军百分之十三;奥地利军百分之十四。在莫斯科,法军百分之三十七;俄军百分之四十四。在包岑,法军百分之十三;俄军和普鲁士军百分之十四。在滑铁卢,法军百分之五十六;盟军百分之三十一。滑铁卢总计百分之四十一;十四万四千战斗人员;六万人死亡。

🔊
plainly /ˈpleɪnli/
adv. 清楚地,坦率地
🔊
massacre /ˈmæsəkər/
n. 屠杀,残杀
🔊
pitched /pɪtʃt/
adj. (战斗)激烈的,有准备的
🔊
denseness /ˈdensnəs/
n. 密集,稠密
🔊
proportion /prəˈpɔːrʃn/
n. 比例,部分
🔊
established /ɪˈstæblɪʃt/
v. 建立,确立(过去分词)
🔊 Today the field of Waterloo has the calm which belongs to the earth, the impassive support of man, and it resembles all plains. At night, moreover, a sort of visionary mist arises from it; and if a traveller strolls there, if he listens, if he watches, if he dreams like Virgil in the fatal plains of Philippi, the hallucination of the catastrophe takes possession of him. The frightful 18th of June lives again; the false monumental hillock disappears, the lion vanishes in air, the battlefield resumes its reality, lines of infantry undulate over the plain, furious gallops traverse the horizon; the frightened dreamer beholds the flash of sabres, the gleam of bayonets, the flare of bombs, the tremendous interchange of thunders; he hears, as it were, the death rattle in the depths of a tomb, the vague clamor of the battle phantom; those shadows are grenadiers, those lights are cuirassiers; that skeleton Napoleon, that other skeleton is Wellington; all this no longer exists, and yet it clashes together and combats still; and the ravines are empurpled, and the trees quiver, and there is fury even in the clouds and in the shadows; all those terrible heights, Hougomont, Mont-Saint-Jean, Frischemont, Papelotte, Plancenoit, appear confusedly crowned with whirlwinds of spectres engaged in exterminating each other.

如今滑铁卢战场拥有属于大地的宁静,那是对人漠然的支撑,它如同所有平原。此外,夜晚,一种幻想的薄雾从那里升起;如果旅行者漫步其间,如果他倾听,如果他凝视,如果他像维吉尔在腓立比的命运平原上那样梦想,灾难的幻象便占据了他。可怕的6月18日复活;虚假的纪念丘消失,狮子在空中融化,战场恢复其真实,步兵线在平原上起伏,疯狂的驰骋横穿地平线;受惊的梦想者看到马刀闪光、刺刀寒光、炮弹火花、雷霆般的巨大交火;他听到,仿佛来自坟墓深处的临终喘息,战斗幽灵的模糊喧嚣;那些阴影是掷弹兵,那些光芒是胸甲骑兵;那副骷髅是拿破仑,另一副骷髅是威灵顿;这一切不再存在,却仍在碰撞厮杀;沟壑殷红,树木颤抖,甚至在云层和阴影中也有狂怒;所有那些可怕的高地,乌古蒙、圣让山、弗里什蒙、帕佩洛特、普朗斯努瓦,混乱地冠以互相歼灭的幽灵旋涡。

🔊
calm /kɑːm/
n. 平静,宁静
🔊
impassive /ɪmˈpæsɪv/
adj. 无表情的,冷漠的
🔊
resembles /rɪˈzemblz/
v. 类似,像(第三人称单数)
🔊
visionary /ˈvɪʒəneri/
adj. 幻想的,有远见的
🔊
traveller /ˈtrævələr/
n. 旅行者,游客
🔊
strolls /stroʊlz/
v. 散步,闲逛(第三人称单数)
🔊
fatal /ˈfeɪtl/
adj. 致命的,灾难性的
🔊
hallucination /həˌluːsɪˈneɪʃn/
n. 幻觉,幻象
🔊
frightful /ˈfraɪtfl/
adj. 可怕的,令人惊恐的
🔊
monumental /ˌmɒnjuˈmentl/
adj. 纪念碑的,巨大的
🔊
hillock /ˈhɪlək/
n. 小丘,土墩
🔊
vanishes /ˈvænɪʃɪz/
v. 消失,消散(第三人称单数)
🔊
battlefield /ˈbætlfiːld/
n. 战场
🔊
resumes /rɪˈzuːmz/
v. 重新开始,恢复(第三人称单数)
🔊
reality /riˈæləti/
n. 现实,真实
🔊
undulate /ˈʌndʒəleɪt/
v. 起伏,波动
🔊
furious /ˈfjʊriəs/
adj. 狂怒的,激烈的
🔊
gallops /ˈɡæləps/
n. 奔驰,疾驰(复数)
🔊
traverse /ˈtrævɜːrs/
v. 穿越,横过
🔊
horizon /həˈraɪzn/
n. 地平线,视野
🔊
beholds /bɪˈhoʊldz/
v. 看,注视(第三人称单数)
🔊
flash /flæʃ/
n. 闪光,闪现
🔊
sabres /ˈseɪbərz/
n. 军刀,马刀(复数)
🔊
gleam /ɡliːm/
n. 微光,闪光
🔊
bayonets /ˈbeɪənɪts/
n. 刺刀(复数)
🔊
flare /fler/
n. 闪光,火焰
🔊
bombs /bɒmz/
n. 炸弹(复数)
🔊
tremendous /trɪˈmendəs/
adj. 极大的,巨大的
🔊
interchange /ˈɪntərtʃeɪndʒ/
n. 交换,交替
🔊
thunders /ˈθʌndərz/
n. 雷声(复数)
🔊
rattle /ˈrætl/
n. 咯咯声,拨浪鼓
🔊
depths /depθs/
n. 深处(复数)
🔊
tomb /tuːm/
n. 坟墓
🔊
vague /veɪɡ/
adj. 模糊的,含糊的
🔊
clamor /ˈklæmər/
n. 喧闹,叫嚣
🔊
phantom /ˈfæntəm/
n. 幽灵,幻影
🔊
grenadiers /ˌɡrɛnəˈdɪrz/
n. 掷弹兵(复数)
🔊
cuirassiers /ˌkwɪrəˈsɪrz/
n. 胸甲骑兵(复数)
🔊
skeleton /ˈskelɪtn/
n. 骨架,骷髅
🔊
exists /ɪɡˈzɪsts/
v. 存在(第三人称单数)
🔊
clashes /ˈklæʃɪz/
v. 碰撞,冲突(第三人称单数)
🔊
combats /ˈkɒmbæts/
v. 战斗,搏斗(第三人称单数)
🔊
ravines /rəˈviːnz/
n. 沟壑,峡谷(复数)
🔊
empurpled /ɪmˈpɜːrplˌd/
v. 使变紫(过去分词)
🔊
quiver /ˈkwɪvər/
v. 颤抖,抖动
🔊
fury /ˈfjʊri/
n. 狂怒,暴怒
🔊
heights /haɪts/
n. 高度,高处(复数)
🔊
confusedly /kənˈfjuːzɪdli/
adv. 困惑地,混乱地
🔊
crowned /kraʊnd/
v. 加冕,覆盖顶部(过去分词)
🔊
whirlwinds /ˈwɜːrlwɪndz/
n. 旋风(复数)
🔊
spectres /ˈspektərz/
n. 幽灵,鬼怪(复数)
🔊
exterminating /ɪkˈstɜːrmɪneɪtɪŋ/
v. 消灭,灭绝(动词现在分词)
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翻译与词汇解析由 Learn-en.org 英语教研组 资深专家提供,
基于权威英语语料库及文学译本审校,适用于雅思/学术英语深度研读。