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Book Fifteen: 1812 - 13 – Chapter four (第四章)

探索《战争与和平》第4章,包含英文原文、简体中文翻译、详细的雅思词汇与解释,以及英文原版音频。聆听并提升您的阅读技能。

英文原文
翻译
雅思词汇 (ZH-CN)

自从在维亚济马遭遇之后,尽管库图佐夫无法阻止部下急于围歼并切断敌军退路的冲动,但此后逃亡的法军与追击他们的俄军之间,直到克拉斯诺耶都未发生大规模战斗。

🔊
encounter /ɪnˈkaʊntər/
n. 遭遇,相遇
🔊
anxiety /æŋˈzaɪəti/
n. 焦虑,渴望
🔊
overwhelm /ˌoʊvərˈwelm/
v. 压倒,击溃
🔊
fleeing /ˈfliːɪŋ/
adj. 逃跑的
🔊
pursued /pərˈsjuːd/
v. (过去式). 追赶,追击

法军的溃逃如此迅速,以至于追剿他们的俄军都无法赶上;骑兵和炮兵的马匹纷纷累倒,而关于法军动向的情报也始终不可靠。

🔊
rapid /ˈræpɪd/
adj. 迅速的
🔊
cavalry /ˈkævəlri/
n. 骑兵
🔊
artillery /ɑːrˈtɪləri/
n. 炮兵;大炮
🔊
reliable /rɪˈlaɪəbl/
adj. 可靠的
🔊 The men in the Russian army were so worn out by this continuous marching at the rate of twenty-seven miles a day that they could not go any faster.

俄军士兵因连日以每天二十七俄里的速度急行军而筋疲力尽,再也无法加快步伐。

🔊
worn out /wɔːrn aʊt/
adj. 疲惫不堪的
🔊
continuous /kənˈtɪnjuəs/
adj. 连续的
🔊
marching /ˈmɑːrtʃɪŋ/
n. 行军
🔊
rate /reɪt/
n. 速度;比率

要了解俄军疲惫的程度,只需清楚认识一个事实:在塔鲁季诺战役之后,从塔鲁季诺出发时十万人的俄军,阵亡和受伤不超过五千人,被俘不足百人,但到达克拉斯诺耶时只剩下五万人。

🔊
degree /dɪˈɡriː/
n. 程度
🔊
exhaustion /ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/
n. 筋疲力尽
🔊
grasp /ɡræsp/
v. 理解,掌握
🔊
meaning /ˈmiːnɪŋ/
n. 意义
🔊
killed /kɪld/
adj. (过去分词作形容词). 被杀死的
🔊
wounded /ˈwuːndɪd/
adj. 受伤的
🔊
prisoners /ˈprɪzənərz/
n. 俘虏
🔊
reached /riːtʃt/
v. (过去式). 到达
🔊 The rapidity of the Russian pursuit was just as destructive to our army as the flight of the French was to theirs. The only difference was that the Russian army moved voluntarily, with no such threat of destruction as hung over the French, and that the sick Frenchmen were left behind in enemy hands while the sick Russians left behind were among their own people. The chief cause of the wastage of Napoleon's army was the rapidity of its movement, and a convincing proof of this is the corresponding decrease of the Russian army.

俄军追击的速度对自身造成的损耗,丝毫不亚于法军溃逃对其自身造成的后果。唯一的区别在于,俄军是主动行军,没有如临法军头顶那样的覆灭威胁;而且法军伤员被遗弃在敌人手中,而俄军伤员则留在自己人中间。拿破仑军队减员的主要原因在于其运动速度之快,而俄军相应的人数减少则是有力的佐证。

🔊
rapidity /rəˈpɪdəti/
n. 迅速
🔊
destructive /dɪˈstrʌktɪv/
adj. 破坏性的
🔊
difference /ˈdɪfərəns/
n. 区别
🔊
voluntarily /ˌvɑːlənˈterɪli/
adv. 自愿地
🔊
threat /θret/
n. 威胁
🔊
destruction /dɪˈstrʌkʃən/
n. 毁灭
🔊
hung /hʌŋ/
v. (过去式). 悬挂,笼罩
🔊
wastage /ˈweɪstɪdʒ/
n. 消耗,损耗
🔊
convincing /kənˈvɪnsɪŋ/
adj. 有说服力的
🔊
proof /pruːf/
n. 证据
🔊
corresponding /ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndɪŋ/
adj. 相应的
🔊
decrease /dɪˈkriːs/
n. 减少
🔊 Kutúzov as far as was in his power, instead of trying to check the movement of the French as was desired in Petersburg and by the Russian army generals, directed his whole activity here, as he had done at Tarútino and Vyázma, to hastening it on while easing the movement of our army.

库图佐夫尽其所能,非但没有如彼得堡及俄军将领所期望的那样试图阻遏法军推进,反而将全部精力(正如他在塔鲁季诺和维亚济马所做的那样)用于加速法军退却,同时减轻我军行军的负担。

🔊
power /ˈpaʊər/
n. 权力,能力
🔊
check /tʃek/
v. 阻止,抑制
🔊
desired /dɪˈzaɪərd/
adj. 期望的
🔊
activity /ækˈtɪvɪti/
n. 活动
🔊
hastening /ˈheɪsənɪŋ/
v. (-ing形式). 加速,催促
🔊
easing /ˈiːzɪŋ/
v. (-ing形式). 减轻,缓和
🔊
movement /ˈmuːvmənt/
n. 移动,运动
🔊 But besides this, since the exhaustion and enormous diminution of the army caused by the rapidity of the advance had become evident, another reason for slackening the pace and delaying presented itself to Kutúzov. The aim of the Russian army was to pursue the French. The road the French would take was unknown, and so the closer our troops trod on their heels the greater distance they had to cover. Only by following at some distance could one cut across the zigzag path of the French. All the artful manoeuvres suggested by our generals meant fresh movements of the army and a lengthening of its marches, whereas the only reasonable aim was to shorten those marches. To that end Kutúzov's activity was directed during the whole campaign from Moscow to Vílna--not casually or intermittently but so consistently that he never once deviated from it.

此外,既然快速推进导致的军队疲惫和大量减员已显而易见,另一种理由便呈现在库图佐夫面前:放缓节奏、稍事拖延。俄军的目标是追击法军。但法军逃跑的路线未知,我军追得越紧,就必须走更长的路。只有在保持一定距离的情况下,才能抄近路截断法军迂回的路线。将领们提出的种种巧妙计策,都意味着军队的重新调动和路程的延长,而唯一合理的目的是缩短行军路程。为此,库图佐夫从莫斯科到维尔纳的整个战役中,始终不渝地致力于这一点--并非偶然为之或者断断续续,而是始终一贯,从未偏离。

🔊
besides /bɪˈsaɪdz/
adv. 此外
🔊
enormous /ɪˈnɔːrməs/
adj. 巨大的
🔊
diminution /ˌdɪmɪˈnuːʃən/
n. 减少,缩小
🔊
evident /ˈevɪdənt/
adj. 明显的
🔊
reason /ˈriːzən/
n. 理由
🔊
slackening /ˈslækənɪŋ/
n. 放松,减缓
🔊
pace /peɪs/
n. 速度步调
🔊
delaying /dɪˈleɪɪŋ/
n. 延迟
🔊
presented itself /prɪˈzentɪd ɪtˈself/
v. (短语). 出现
🔊
aim /eɪm/
n. 目标
🔊
unknown /ʌnˈnoʊn/
adj. 未知的
🔊
closer /ˈkloʊzər/
adj. (比较级). 更近的
🔊
trod /trɒd/
v. (过去式). 踩,踏
🔊
heels /hiːlz/
n. 脚后跟
🔊
distance /ˈdɪstəns/
n. 距离
🔊
artful /ˈɑːrtfəl/
adj. 巧妙的,狡猾的
🔊
manoeuvres /məˈnuːvərz/
n. 策略,演习
🔊
meant /ment/
v. (过去式). 意味着
🔊
fresh /freʃ/
adj. 新的,新鲜的
🔊
lengthening /ˈleŋθənɪŋ/
n. 延长
🔊
marches /ˈmɑːrtʃɪz/
n. 行军(复数)
🔊
reasonable /ˈriːzənəbəl/
adj. 合理的
🔊
shorten /ˈʃɔːrtən/
v. 缩短
🔊
end /end/
n. 目的
🔊
campaign /kæmˈpeɪn/
n. 战役,运动
🔊
casually /ˈkæʒuəli/
adv. 偶然地,随意地
🔊
intermittently /ˌɪntərˈmɪtəntli/
adv. 断断续续地
🔊
consistently /kənˈsɪstəntli/
adv. 一贯地
🔊
deviated /ˈdiːvieɪtɪd/
v. (过去式). 偏离
🔊 Kutúzov felt and knew--not by reasoning or science but with the whole of his Russian being--what every Russian soldier felt: that the French were beaten, that the enemy was flying and must be driven out; but at the same time he, like the soldiers, realized all the hardship of this march, the rapidity of which was unparalleled for such a time of the year. But to the generals, especially the foreign ones in the Russian army, who wished to distinguish themselves, to astonish somebody, and for some reason to capture a king or a duke--it seemed that now--when any battle must be horrible and senseless--was the very time to fight and conquer somebody. Kutúzov merely shrugged his shoulders when one after another they presented projects of manoeuvres to be made with those soldiers--ill-shod, insufficiently clad, and half-starved--who within a month and without fighting a battle had dwindled to half their number, and who at the best if the flight continued would have to go a greater distance than they had already traversed, before they reached the frontier.

库图佐夫感受到并知道--不是通过推理或科学,而是以他整个俄国人的身心--每一个俄国士兵都感受到的:法军被打败了,敌人正在溃逃,必须把他们赶出去;但同时,他与士兵一样,深知这种行军的一切艰辛,其速度之快在这种季节里是史无前例的。然而,对于那些想在军中扬名、想震惊他人、出于某种理由想俘获一个国王或公爵的将领--尤其是俄军中的外籍将领--在他们看来,现在--任何战斗都必定是可怕而无意义的--正是打仗和征服某人的绝佳时机。库图佐夫只是耸耸肩,看着他们一个接一个地提出作战方案,要用那些鞋子破烂、衣衫单薄、半饥半饱的士兵去进行机动--这些士兵在一个月内未经一战就已减员过半,而且即使法军继续溃逃,他们在抵达边境之前还要走比已经走过的路更远的距离。

🔊
felt /felt/
v. (过去式). 感觉
🔊
reasoning /ˈriːzənɪŋ/
n. 推理
🔊
science /ˈsaɪəns/
n. 科学
🔊
whole /hoʊl/
adj. 整个的
🔊
beaten /ˈbiːtən/
adj. 被打败的
🔊
flying /ˈflaɪɪŋ/
adj. 逃跑的,飞行的
🔊
driven out /ˈdrɪvən aʊt/
v. (过去分词短语). 驱赶出去
🔊
realized /ˈriːəlaɪzd/
v. (过去式). 意识到
🔊
hardship /ˈhɑːrdʃɪp/
n. 艰难
🔊
unparalleled /ʌnˈpærəleld/
adj. 无与伦比的
🔊
generals /ˈdʒenərəlz/
n. 将军们
🔊
especially /ɪˈspeʃəli/
adv. 尤其
🔊
foreign /ˈfɔːrən/
adj. 外国的
🔊
wished /wɪʃt/
v. (过去式). 希望
🔊
distinguish themselves /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ ðəmˈselvz/
v. (短语). 出人头地,使自己出众
🔊
astonish /əˈstɑːnɪʃ/
v. 使惊讶
🔊
capture /ˈkæptʃər/
v. 俘虏,抓获
🔊
duke /duːk/
n. 公爵
🔊
seemed /siːmd/
v. (过去式). 似乎
🔊
horrible /ˈhɔːrəbəl/
adj. 可怕的
🔊
senseless /ˈsensləs/
adj. 无意义的
🔊
conquer /ˈkɑːŋkər/
v. 征服
🔊
merely /ˈmɪrli/
adv. 仅仅
🔊
shrugged /ʃrʌɡd/
v. (过去式). 耸肩
🔊
shoulders /ˈʃoʊldərz/
n. 肩膀
🔊
presented /prɪˈzentɪd/
v. (过去式). 提出,展示
🔊
projects /ˈprɑːdʒekts/
n. 方案,计划
🔊
ill-shod /ˈɪl ˈʃɒd/
adj. 鞋子破烂的
🔊
insufficiently /ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃəntli/
adv. 不足地
🔊
clad /klæd/
adj. 穿着……的
🔊
half-starved /ˈhæf stɑːrvd/
adj. 半饥饿的
🔊
within /wɪˈðɪn/
prep. 在……之内
🔊
dwindled /ˈdwɪndəld/
v. (过去式). 减少,缩小
🔊
best /best/
adj. 或 adv. 最好的
🔊
traversed /trəˈvɜːrst/
v. (过去式). 穿过,走过
🔊
frontier /frʌnˈtɪr/
n. 边境
🔊 This longing to distinguish themselves, to manoeuvre, to overthrow, and to cut off showed itself particularly whenever the Russians stumbled on the French army.

这种渴望表现自己、实施机动、击溃敌军和切断退路的愿望,尤其在他们遇到法军时表现出来。

🔊
longing /ˈlɔːŋɪŋ/
n. 渴望
🔊
overthrow /ˌoʊvərˈθroʊ/
v. 推翻
🔊
cut off /kʌt ɔːf/
v. (短语). 切断,截断
🔊
showed itself /ʃoʊd ɪtˈself/
v. (短语). 显示出来
🔊
particularly /pərˈtɪkjələrli/
adv. 特别地
🔊
stumbled /ˈstʌmbəld/
v. (过去式). 偶然遇到,绊倒
🔊 So it was at Krásnoe, where they expected to find one of the three French columns and stumbled instead on Napoleon himself with sixteen thousand men. Despite all Kutúzov's efforts to avoid that ruinous encounter and to preserve his troops, the massacre of the broken mob of French soldiers by worn-out Russians continued at Krásnoe for three days.

克拉斯诺耶之战就是如此:他们原本以为会遇到法军三个纵队之一,却撞上了拿破仑本人率领的一万六千人马。尽管库图佐夫尽力避免这场毁灭性的遭遇,竭力保存自己的部队,但疲惫不堪的俄军对溃散的法军士兵的屠杀,仍在克拉斯诺耶持续了三天。

🔊
So it was /soʊ ɪt wʌz/
phrase. 情况就是这样,同样地
🔊
expected /ɪkˈspektɪd/
v. (过去式). 预期
🔊
columns /ˈkɑːləmz/
n. 纵队;列
🔊
stumbled instead /ˈstʌmbəld ɪnˈsted/
v. (短语). 反而偶然遇到
🔊
himself /hɪmˈself/
pron. 他自己(强调)
🔊
Despite /dɪˈspaɪt/
prep. 尽管
🔊
efforts /ˈefərts/
n. 努力
🔊
ruinous /ˈruːɪnəs/
adj. 毁灭性的
🔊
preserve /prɪˈzɜːrv/
v. 保存,保护
🔊
massacre /ˈmæsəkər/
n. 大屠杀
🔊
broken /ˈbroʊkən/
adj. 破碎的,溃散的
🔊
mob /mɑːb/
n. 暴民,乌合之众
🔊
worn-out /ˈwɔːrn aʊt/
adj. 疲惫不堪的
🔊 Toll wrote a disposition: "The first column will march to so and so," etc. And as usual nothing happened in accord with the disposition. Prince Eugène of Württemberg fired from a hill over the French crowds that were running past, and demanded reinforcements which did not arrive. The French, avoiding the Russians, dispersed and hid themselves in the forest by night, making their way round as best they could, and continued their flight. Milorádovich, who said he did not want to know anything about the commissariat affairs of his detachment, and could never be found when he was wanted--that chevalier sans peur et sans reproche as he styled himself--who was fond of parleys with the French, sent envoys demanding their surrender, wasted time, and did not do what he was ordered to do.

托尔拟定了一道命令:“第一纵队向某地进军”,等等。但结果一如既往,没有一件事是按照命令执行的。符腾堡的欧根亲王从山上向山下跑过的法军人群开炮,并要求增援,但增援始终未到。法军则避开俄军,趁夜散入树林,尽其所能地绕道而行,继续溃逃。米洛拉多维奇声称自己不想知道分遣队的后勤事务,而且在需要他时总找不到人--这位自诩为“无畏无瑕的骑士”的将军,喜欢与法军谈判,他派出使者要求对方投降,白白浪费了时间,没有执行命令。

🔊
Toll wrote a disposition /tɔːl roʊt ə ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃən/
phrase. 托尔写了一份部署命令
🔊
disposition /ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃən/
n. 部署,安排
🔊
column /ˈkɑːləm/
n. 纵队
🔊
so and so /soʊ ænd soʊ/
phrase. 某某(指代未指明的内容)
🔊
accord /əˈkɔːrd/
n. 一致,符合
🔊
Prince Eugène /prɪns ˈjuːdʒiːn/
n. 尤金亲王
🔊
fired /ˈfaɪərd/
v. (过去式). 开火
🔊
crowds /kraʊdz/
n. 人群
🔊
running past /ˈrʌnɪŋ pæst/
v. (短语). 跑过
🔊
demanded /dɪˈmændɪd/
v. (过去式). 要求
🔊
reinforcements /ˌriːɪnˈfɔːrsmənts/
n. 增援部队
🔊
avoiding /əˈvɔɪdɪŋ/
v. (-ing形式). 避免
🔊
dispersed /dɪˈspɜːrst/
v. (过去式). 散开,分散
🔊
hid /hɪd/
v. (过去式). 隐藏
🔊
forest /ˈfɔːrɪst/
n. 森林
🔊
night /naɪt/
n. 夜晚
🔊
making their way round /ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðɛr weɪ raʊnd/
phrase. 绕路前进
🔊
Milorádovich /mɪləˈrɑːdəvɪtʃ/
n. 米洛拉多维奇(人名)
🔊
commissariat /ˌkɑːmɪˈseriət/
n. 军需部门
🔊
affairs /əˈferz/
n. 事务
🔊
detachment /dɪˈtætʃmənt/
n. 分遣队
🔊
could never be found /kʊd ˈnevər bi faʊnd/
phrase. 永远找不到
🔊
chevalier sans peur et sans reproche /ʃəˈvaljeɪ sɑ̃ pœr eɪ sɑ̃ rəˈprɔʃ/
phrase (法语). 无畏无瑕的骑士
🔊
styled himself /staɪld hɪmˈself/
phrase. 自称
🔊
fond /fɑːnd/
adj. 喜欢的
🔊
parleys /ˈpɑːrliz/
n. 谈判,会谈
🔊
envoys /ˈenvɔɪz/
n. 特使
🔊
demanding /dɪˈmændɪŋ/
v. (-ing形式). 要求
🔊
surrender /səˈrendər/
n. 投降
🔊
wasted /ˈweɪstɪd/
v. (过去式). 浪费
🔊
ordered /ˈɔːrdərd/
v. (过去式). 命令
🔊 "I give you that column, lads," he said, riding up to the troops and pointing out the French to the cavalry.

“我把那个纵队交给你们了,小伙子们,”他骑马上前,指着法军对骑兵们说。

🔊
I give you that column, lads /aɪ ɡɪv juː ðæt ˈkɑːləm lædz/
sentence. 小伙子们,我把那个纵队交给你们了
🔊
riding up /ˈraɪdɪŋ ʌp/
v. (短语). 策马靠近
🔊
pointing out /ˈpɔɪntɪŋ aʊt/
v. (短语). 指出
🔊 And the cavalry, with spurs and sabers urging on horses that could scarcely move, trotted with much effort to the column presented to them--that is to say, to a crowd of Frenchmen stark with cold, frost-bitten, and starving--and the column that had been presented to them threw down its arms and surrendered as it had long been anxious to do.

于是骑兵们用马刺和马刀催促着几乎走不动的战马,吃力地小跑着冲向交给他们的那个纵队--也就是一群冻得僵硬、手脚生疮、饿得奄奄一息的法军士兵--而交给他们的这个纵队立即扔下武器投降了,他们早就想这么做了。

🔊
spurs /spɜːrz/
n. 马刺
🔊
sabers /ˈseɪbərz/
n. 马刀
🔊
urging on /ˈɜːrdʒɪŋ ɒn/
v. (短语). 催促
🔊
horses /ˈhɔːrsɪz/
n. 马匹
🔊
scarcely /ˈskersli/
adv. 几乎不
🔊
trotted /ˈtrɑːtɪd/
v. (过去式). 小跑
🔊
much effort /mʌtʃ ˈefərt/
phrase. 很大的努力
🔊
stark /stɑːrk/
adj. 完全地,僵硬的
🔊
frost-bitten /ˈfrɔːst bɪtən/
adj. 冻伤的
🔊
starving /ˈstɑːrvɪŋ/
adj. 饥饿的
🔊
threw down /θruː daʊn/
v. (短语). 扔下
🔊
arms /ɑːrmz/
n. 武器
🔊
surrendered /səˈrendərd/
v. (过去式). 投降
🔊
anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/
adj. 渴望的,焦虑的
🔊 At Krásnoe they took twenty-six thousand prisoners, several hundred cannon, and a stick called a "marshal's staff," and disputed as to who had distinguished himself and were pleased with their achievement--though they much regretted not having taken Napoleon, or at least a marshal or a hero of some sort, and reproached one another and especially Kutúzov for having failed to do so.

在克拉斯诺耶,他们俘获了两万六千名俘虏、几百门火炮以及一根所谓的“元帅权杖”,然后就开始争论谁立了功,并为自己的战绩而沾沾自喜--尽管他们很遗憾没能抓住拿破仑,或者至少抓住一个元帅或某个英雄人物,并且互相指责,尤其是指责库图佐夫未能做到这一点。

🔊
twenty-six thousand /ˈtwɛnti sɪks ˈθaʊzənd/
numeral. 两万六千
🔊
cannon /ˈkænən/
n. 大炮
🔊
stick /stɪk/
n. 棍子
🔊
marshal's staff /ˈmɑːrʃəlz stæf/
n. 元帅权杖
🔊
disputed /dɪˈspjuːtɪd/
v. (过去式). 争论
🔊
pleased /pliːzd/
adj. 满意的
🔊
achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/
n. 成就
🔊
much regretted /mʌtʃ rɪˈɡretɪd/
phrase. 非常遗憾
🔊
at least /æt liːst/
phrase. 至少
🔊
hero /ˈhɪroʊ/
n. 英雄
🔊
reproached /rɪˈproʊtʃt/
v. (过去式). 责备
🔊
failed /feɪld/
v. (过去式). 失败
🔊 These men, carried away by their passions, were but blind tools of the most melancholy law of necessity, but considered themselves heroes and imagined that they were accomplishing a most noble and honourable deed. They blamed Kutúzov and said that from the very beginning of the campaign he had prevented their vanquishing Napoleon, that he thought of nothing but satisfying his passions and would not advance from the Linen Factories because he was comfortable there, that at Krásnoe he checked the advance because on learning that Napoleon was there he had quite lost his head, and that it was probable that he had an understanding with Napoleon and had been bribed by him, and so on, and so on.

这些被激情冲昏头脑的人,不过是那最悲惨的必然法则的盲目工具,但他们自以为是英雄,认为自己正在完成一项最为崇高和光荣的事业。他们指责库图佐夫,说从战役一开始他就阻止他们战胜拿破仑,说他只想着满足自己的欲望,因为贪图安逸而不愿从亚麻厂推进,说他在克拉斯诺耶阻止前进是因为得知拿破仑在那里后吓得魂不附体,还说他说不定与拿破仑有勾结并收受了贿赂,如此等等,不一而足。

🔊
carried away /ˈkærid əˈweɪ/
v. (短语). 被冲昏头脑,被带走
🔊
passions /ˈpæʃənz/
n. 激情,热情
🔊
blind tools /blaɪnd tuːlz/
phrase. 盲目的工具
🔊
melancholy /ˈmelənkɑːli/
adj. 忧郁的,悲哀的
🔊
law /lɔː/
n. 法则,法律
🔊
necessity /nɪˈsesɪti/
n. 必然,必要性
🔊
considered /kənˈsɪdərd/
v. (过去式). 认为
🔊
imagined /ɪˈmædʒɪnd/
v. (过去式). 想象
🔊
accomplishing /əˈkɑːmplɪʃɪŋ/
v. (-ing形式). 完成,实现
🔊
noble /ˈnoʊbəl/
adj. 高尚的
🔊
honourable /ˈɑːnərəbəl/
adj. 光荣的
🔊
deed /diːd/
n. 事迹,行为
🔊
blamed /bleɪmd/
v. (过去式). 责备
🔊
vanquishing /ˈvæŋkwɪʃɪŋ/
v. (-ing形式). 征服,打败
🔊
thought of nothing but /θɔːt ʌv ˈnʌθɪŋ bʌt/
phrase. 只想着
🔊
satisfying /ˈsætɪsfaɪɪŋ/
v. (-ing形式). 满足
🔊
advance /ədˈvæns/
v. 前进
🔊
Linen Factories /ˈlɪnɪn ˈfæktəriz/
n. 亚麻工厂(地名)
🔊
comfortable /ˈkʌmfərtəbəl/
adj. 舒适的
🔊
checked /tʃekt/
v. (过去式). 阻止,检查
🔊
learning /ˈlɜːrnɪŋ/
v. (-ing形式). 得知
🔊
quite /kwaɪt/
adv. 相当,完全
🔊
lost his head /lɔːst hɪz hed/
phrase. 失去理智
🔊
probable /ˈprɑːbəbəl/
adj. 可能的
🔊
understanding /ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ/
n. 理解,默契
🔊
bribed /braɪbd/
v. (过去式). 贿赂
🔊
so on /soʊ ɒn/
phrase. 等等

不仅同时代那些被激情左右的人如此谈论,就连后人和历史也把拿破仑奉为伟人,而外国人则把库图佐夫描绘成一个狡猾、荒淫、软弱的老朝臣,俄国人则把他看成一个说不清道不明的东西--有点像只是因为有个俄国名字才派上用场的傀儡。

🔊
contemporaries /kənˈtempərəriz/
n. 同代人,同龄人
🔊
posterity /pɒˈsterəti/
n. 后代,子孙
🔊
acclaimed /əˈkleɪmd/
v. 受到赞扬的,被称赞的
🔊
grand /ɡrænd/
adj. 宏伟的,重大的
🔊
crafty /ˈkræfti/
adj. 狡猾的,巧妙的
🔊
dissolute /ˈdɪsəljuːt/
adj. 放纵的,放荡的
🔊
courtier /ˈkɔːrtiər/
n. 朝臣,侍臣
🔊
indefinite /ɪnˈdefɪnət/
adj. 不确定的,模糊的
🔊
puppet /ˈpʌpɪt/
n. 木偶,傀儡
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翻译与词汇解析由 Learn-en.org 英语教研组 资深专家提供,
基于权威英语语料库及文学译本审校,适用于雅思/学术英语深度研读。