阅读主题:
语言:
📕 rednote ID(小红书号):3881567312
📢 自动下一章:
🔊

Part Three – Chapter one (第一章)

探索《安娜·卡列尼娜》第1章,包含英文原文、中文(简体)翻译、详细的雅思词汇与解释,以及英文原版音频。聆听并提升你的阅读技巧。

英文原文
翻译
雅思词汇 (ZH-CN)
🔊 Sergey Ivanovitch Koznishev wanted a rest from mental work, and instead of going abroad as he usually did, he came towards the end of May to stay in the country with his brother. In his judgment the best sort of life was a country life. He had come now to enjoy such a life at his brother's. Konstantin Levin was very glad to have him, especially as he did not expect his brother Nikolay that summer. But in spite of his affection and respect for Sergey Ivanovitch, Konstantin Levin was uncomfortable with his brother in the country. It made him uncomfortable, and it positively annoyed him to see his brother's attitude to the country. To Konstantin Levin the country was the background of life, that is, of pleasures, endeavors, labor. To Sergey Ivanovitch the country meant on the one hand rest from work, on the other a valuable antidote to the corrupt influences of town, which he took with satisfaction and a sense of its utility. To Konstantin Levin the country was good first because it afforded a field for labor, of the usefulness of which there could be no doubt. To Sergey Ivanovitch the country was particularly good, because there it was possible and fitting to do nothing. Moreover, Sergey Ivanovitch's attitude to the peasants rather piqued Konstantin. Sergey Ivanovitch used to say that he knew and liked the peasantry, and he often talked to the peasants, which he knew how to do without affectation or condescension, and from every such conversation he would deduce general conclusions in favor of the peasantry and in confirmation of his knowing them. Konstantin Levin did not like such an attitude to the peasants. To Konstantin the peasant was simply the chief partner in their common labor, and in spite of all the respect and the love, almost like that of kinship, he had for the peasant--sucked in probably, as he said himself, with the milk of his peasant nurse--still as a fellow-worker with him, while sometimes enthusiastic over the vigor, gentleness, and justice of these men, he was very often, when their common labors called for other qualities, exasperated with the peasant for his carelessness, lack of method, drunkenness, and lying. If he had been asked whether he liked or didn't like the peasants, Konstantin Levin would have been absolutely at a loss what to reply. He liked and did not like the peasants, just as he liked and did not like men in general. Of course, being a good-hearted man, he liked men rather than he disliked them, and so too with the peasants.

谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇·科兹内舍夫想要从脑力劳动中休息一下,于是他没有像往常一样出国,而是在五月底来到乡下弟弟家住。在他看来,最好的生活莫过于乡村生活。他现在来到弟弟这里,就是为了享受这样的一种生活。康斯坦丁·列文非常高兴他来,尤其是因为那年夏天他本不指望弟弟尼古拉会来。不过,尽管他对谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇充满敬爱之情,康斯坦丁·列文在乡下与哥哥相处时却感到不自在。看到哥哥对待乡村的态度,让他感到不舒服,甚至有些恼火。对康斯坦丁·列文来说,乡村是生活的背景,也就是快乐、努力和劳动的背景。对谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇而言,乡村一方面意味着工作的休息,另一方面则是对城市腐败影响的有益解毒剂,他怀着满足感和对其实用性的认识来接受它。对康斯坦丁·列文来说,乡村之所以好,首先是因为它提供了一个劳动的场所,其效用是毋庸置疑的。而对谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇来说,乡村特别好,因为在那里可以无所事事,而且这样做也是合理得体的。此外,谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇对待农民的态度也让康斯坦丁颇为不快。谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇常说,他了解并喜欢农民,他经常和农民交谈,而且懂得如何做到不装腔作势、不居高临下,每次这样的谈话后,他都会得出一些有利于农民的概括性结论,以此证明他了解他们。康斯坦丁·列文不喜欢这种对待农民的态度。对康斯坦丁来说,农民只是他们共同劳动中的主要伙伴,尽管他对于农民怀有尊重和近乎亲情的爱--正如他自己所说,这种爱可能是从他那位农民奶妈的乳汁中吸收来的--但作为与农民共同劳作的人,他有时会为这些人的活力、温厚和正直而兴奋不已,可当共同劳动需要其他品质时,他又常常因农民的粗心、无序、酗酒和撒谎而恼火。如果有人问他是否喜欢农民,康斯坦丁·列文会完全不知如何回答。他既喜欢又不喜欢农民,就像他喜欢又不喜欢一般人一样。当然,作为一个心地善良的人,他喜欢人多于不喜欢,对农民也是如此。

🔊
mental /ˈmen.təl/
adj. 精神的,心理的
🔊
abroad /əˈbrɔːd/
adv. 在国外;到国外
🔊
judgment /ˈdʒʌdʒ.mənt/
n. 判断;判断力
🔊
affection /əˈfek.ʃən/
n. 喜爱;感情
🔊
uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌm.fə.tə.bəl/
adj. 不舒服的;不自在的
🔊
positively /ˈpɒz.ɪ.tɪv.li/
adv. 肯定地;确实地
🔊
annoyed /əˈnɔɪd/
adj. 恼怒的;生气的
🔊
attitude /ˈæt.ɪ.tjuːd/
n. 态度;看法
🔊
background /ˈbæk.ɡraʊnd/
n. 背景;底色
🔊
antidote /ˈæn.tɪ.dəʊt/
n. 解毒剂;对抗手段
🔊
corrupt /kəˈrʌpt/
adj. 腐败的;堕落的
🔊
piqued /piːkt/
v. 激怒;使生气(pique的过去式)
🔊
peasantry /ˈpez.ən.tri/
n. 农民(总称)
🔊
affectation /ˌæf.ekˈteɪ.ʃən/
n. 做作;假装
🔊
condescension /ˌkɒn.dɪˈsen.ʃən/
n. 屈尊;傲慢
🔊
deduce /dɪˈdjuːs/
v. 推断;演绎
🔊
conclusions /kənˈkluː.ʒənz/
n. 结论(复数)
🔊
confirmation /ˌkɒn.fəˈmeɪ.ʃən/
n. 确认;证实
🔊
kinship /ˈkɪn.ʃɪp/
n. 亲属关系;亲密关系
🔊
sucked /sʌkt/
v. 吸;吸收(suck的过去式)
🔊
fellow-worker /ˈfel.əʊ ˌwɜː.kər/
n. 同事;同工
🔊
enthusiastic /ɪnˌθjuː.ziˈæs.tɪk/
adj. 热情的;热心的
🔊
vigor /ˈvɪɡ.ər/
n. 活力;精力
🔊
gentleness /ˈdʒen.təl.nəs/
n. 温和;温柔
🔊
justice /ˈdʒʌs.tɪs/
n. 公正;正义
🔊
exasperated /ɪɡˈzæs.pə.reɪ.tɪd/
adj. 恼怒的;激怒的
🔊
carelessness /ˈkeə.ləs.nəs/
n. 粗心;疏忽
🔊
drunkenness /ˈdrʌŋ.kən.nəs/
n. 酗酒;醉酒
🔊
lying /ˈlaɪ.ɪŋ/
n. 说谎;谎言
🔊
absolutely /ˈæb.sə.luːt.li/
adv. 绝对地;完全地
🔊
good-hearted /ˌɡʊd ˈhɑː.tɪd/
adj. 好心肠的;善良的
🔊
at a loss /æt ə lɒs/
phrase. 不知所措;困惑

但是,他既不能喜欢也不能把“人民”当作某种独立的东西来不喜欢,这不仅因为他与“人民”生活在一起,他的一切利益都与他们息息相关,而且因为他把自己看作是“人民”的一部分,看不出自己和“人民”之间有什么特殊的品质或缺点,也无法将自己与他们对立起来。此外,尽管他以农场主、调解员,而且更以顾问的身份(农民信任他,方圆三十俄里的人都来向他请教)与农民保持着如此密切的关系,但他对“人民”并没有明确的认识,如果有人问他是否了解“人民”,他会像问是否喜欢他们一样茫然不知所措。对他来说,说他了解农民,就等于是说他了解人。他不断观察和了解各种各样的人,其中也包括农民,他认为他们是善良有趣的人,而且他不断在他们身上发现新的特点,改变以前对他们的看法,形成新的看法。而对谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇来说,情况恰恰相反。

🔊
apart /əˈpɑːt/
adv. 分离地;分开地
🔊
failings /ˈfeɪ.lɪŋz/
n. 缺点;缺陷(复数)
🔊
distinguishing /dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪ.ʃɪŋ/
v. 区分;辨别(distinguish的现在分词)
🔊
contrast /ˈkɒn.trɑːst/
v. 对比;对照
🔊
moreover /mɔːrˈəʊ.vər/
adv. 此外;而且
🔊
arbitrator /ˈɑː.bɪ.treɪ.tər/
n. 仲裁人;裁决者
🔊
adviser /ədˈvaɪ.zər/
n. 顾问;建议者
🔊
continually /kənˈtɪn.ju.ə.li/
adv. 持续地;不断地
🔊
altering /ˈɔːl.tə.rɪŋ/
v. 改变(alter的现在分词)
🔊
former /ˈfɔː.mər/
adj. 以前的;前者的
🔊
contrary /ˈkɒn.trə.ri/
adj. 相反的
🔊
definite /ˈdef.ɪ.nət/
adj. 明确的;确定的

正如他喜欢和赞美乡村生活,以对比他不喜欢的生活一样,他也喜欢农民,以对比他所不喜欢的那类人;同样,他也了解农民,将其视为与一般人不同且对立的东西。在他条理清晰的头脑中,对农民生活的某些方面有着明确的概括,这些概括部分来自农民生活本身,但主要来自与其他生活方式的对比。他从未改变过对农民的看法和同情态度。

🔊
contradistinction /ˌkɒn.trə.dɪˈstɪŋk.ʃən/
n. 对比;区别
🔊
methodical /məˈθɒd.ɪ.kəl/
adj. 有条理的;方法论的
🔊
distinctly /dɪˈstɪŋkt.li/
adv. 清楚地;明确地
🔊
formulated /ˈfɔː.mjʊ.leɪ.tɪd/
v. 制定;明确表达(formulate的过去分词)
🔊
deduced /dɪˈdjuːst/
v. 推断(deduce的过去分词)
🔊
modes /məʊdz/
n. 方式;模式(mode的复数)
🔊
sympathetic /ˌsɪm.pəˈθet.ɪk/
adj. 同情的;赞同的
🔊
distinct /dɪˈstɪŋkt/
adj. 不同的;清晰的

在兄弟俩关于农民看法的讨论中,谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇总是占上风,正是因为谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇对农民--他们的性格、品质和喜好--有着明确的认识。而康斯坦丁·列文对此没有明确且一成不变的看法,因此在他们争论时,康斯坦丁很容易被指出自相矛盾。

🔊
precisely /prɪˈsaɪs.li/
adv. 精确地;恰好
🔊
unalterable /ʌnˈɔːl.tər.ə.bəl/
adj. 不可改变的;固定的
🔊
convicted /kənˈvɪk.tɪd/
v. 证明有罪;使确信(convict的过去分词)
🔊
contradicting /ˌkɒn.trəˈdɪk.tɪŋ/
v. 与……矛盾(contradict的现在分词)

在谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇眼中,他弟弟是个出色的家伙,心地善良(用法语说就是心正),但头脑虽然相当敏捷,却太容易受一时印象的影响,因此充满了矛盾。他以兄长的宽容,有时向他解释事物的真正含义,但与他争论并不能带来多少满足,因为他太容易取胜了。

🔊
capital /ˈkæp.ɪ.təl/
adj. 极好的;重要的
🔊
consequently /ˈkɒn.sɪ.kwənt.li/
adv. 因此;结果
🔊
contradictions /ˌkɒn.trəˈdɪk.ʃənz/
n. 矛盾(contradiction的复数)
🔊
import /ˈɪm.pɔːt/
n. 重要性;意义
🔊
derived /dɪˈraɪvd/
v. 得到;衍生(derive的过去分词)

康斯坦丁·列文则认为他哥哥是一位学识渊博、才智过人、极其宽厚的人,并且具有为公共福祉服务的特殊才能。但在内心深处,随着年龄的增长,他对哥哥的了解越深,就越频繁地产生一个想法:这种为公共福祉服务的能力--他自己感到完全缺乏--也许与其说是一种品质,不如说是一种欠缺--不是缺乏善良、诚实、高尚的愿望和品味,而是缺乏生命力,缺乏所谓的“心”,缺乏那种驱使一个人从无数人生道路中选择一条并只关心这一条的冲动。他越了解哥哥,就越注意到谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇以及其他许多为公共福祉工作的人,并非出于内心的冲动去关心公共福祉,而是从理智上认为关心公共事务是正确的事情,因此才去关心。列文通过观察他哥哥对待公共福祉问题或灵魂不朽问题的态度,与对待国际象棋问题或精巧新机器设计的态度毫无二致,从而证实了这一概括。

🔊
immense /ɪˈmens/
adj. 巨大的;广大的
🔊
intellect /ˈɪn.tə.lekt/
n. 智力;智慧
🔊
possessed /pəˈzest/
adj. 具有;着迷的
🔊
intimately /ˈɪn.tɪ.mət.li/
adv. 亲密地;密切地
🔊
utterly /ˈʌt.ər.li/
adv. 完全地;彻底地
🔊
devoid /dɪˈvɔɪd/
adj. 缺乏的;没有的
🔊
noble /ˈnəʊ.bəl/
adj. 高尚的;贵族的
🔊
vital /ˈvaɪ.təl/
adj. 至关重要的;生命的
🔊
impulse /ˈɪm.pʌls/
n. 冲动;推动力
🔊
drives /draɪvz/
v. 驱动(drive的第三人称单数)
🔊
innumerable /ɪˈnjuː.mər.ə.bəl/
adj. 无数的;数不清的
🔊
welfare /ˈwel.feər/
n. 福利;幸福
🔊
reasoned /ˈriː.zənd/
v. 推理;思考(reason的过去分词)
🔊
intellectual /ˌɪn.təˈlek.tʃu.əl/
adj. 智力的;理性的
🔊
considerations /kənˌsɪd.əˈreɪ.ʃənz/
n. 考虑;因素(consideration的复数)
🔊
confirmed /kənˈfɜːmd/
v. 确认;证实(confirm的过去分词)
🔊
generalization /ˌdʒen.ər.əl.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/
n. 概括;归纳
🔊
affecting /əˈfekt.ɪŋ/
v. 影响(affect的现在分词)
🔊
immortality /ˌɪm.ɔːˈtæl.ə.ti/
n. 不朽;永生
🔊
ingenious /ɪnˈdʒiː.ni.əs/
adj. 精巧的;聪明的
🔊 Besides this, Konstantin Levin was not at his ease with his brother, because in summer in the country Levin was continually busy with work on the land, and the long summer day was not long enough for him to get through all he had to do, while Sergey Ivanovitch was taking a holiday. But though he was taking a holiday now, that is to say, he was doing no writing, he was so used to intellectual activity that he liked to put into concise and eloquent shape the ideas that occurred to him, and liked to have some one to listen to him. His most usual and natural listener was his brother. And so in spite of the friendliness and directness of their relations, Konstantin felt an awkwardness in leaving him alone. Sergey Ivanovitch liked to stretch himself on the grass in the sun, and to lie so, basking and chatting lazily. "You wouldn't believe," he would say to his brother, "what a pleasure this rural laziness is to me. Not an idea in one's brain, as empty as a drum!" But Konstantin Levin found it dull sitting and listening to him, especially when he knew that while he was away they would be carting dung onto the fields not ploughed ready for it, and heaping it all up anyhow; and would not screw the shares in the ploughs, but would let them come off and then say that the new ploughs were a silly invention, and there was nothing like the old Andreevna plough, and so on. "Come, you've done enough trudging about in the heat," Sergey Ivanovitch would say to him. "No, I must just run round to the counting-house for a minute," Levin would answer, and he would run off to the fields.

除此之外,康斯坦丁·列文与哥哥在一起感到不自在,还因为在夏天乡下时,列文一直忙于农活,漫长的夏日对他来说都不够完成所有要干的事,而谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇则在休假。尽管他现在在休假,也就是说,他不写作了,但他已习惯了智力活动,喜欢把涌现在脑海中的想法用简洁而优雅的形式表达出来,并且喜欢有人听他讲述。他最习惯也最自然的听众就是他弟弟。因此,尽管他们兄弟关系友好而直率,康斯坦丁在丢下哥哥独自一人的时候仍感到别扭。谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇喜欢躺在草地上的阳光下,就这样躺着,一边晒太阳一边懒洋洋地聊天。
“你简直无法相信,”他会对弟弟说,“乡村的这种懒散对我来说是多么快乐。脑子里什么想法都没有,空得像鼓一样!”但康斯坦丁·列文觉得坐在这里听他说话很无聊,尤其是他知道,在他不在的时候,他们会把粪肥运到还没准备好犁过的田里,乱七八糟地堆着;他们不会把犁头上的犁铧拧紧,而是会让它们掉下来,然后说新犁是愚蠢的发明,根本比不上老式的安德烈夫娜犁,等等。
“得了,你在热天里跑得够多了,”谢尔盖·伊万诺维奇会对他说。
“不,我得去账房一趟,”列文会回答,然后跑向田野。

🔊
concise /kənˈsaɪs/
adj. 简洁的;简明的
🔊
eloquent /ˈel.ə.kwənt/
adj. 有口才的;雄辩的
🔊
occurred /əˈkɜːd/
v. 发生;想起(occur的过去式)
🔊
friendliness /ˈfrend.li.nəs/
n. 友好;友善
🔊
directness /daɪˈrekt.nəs/
n. 直接;直率
🔊
awkwardness /ˈɔː.kwəd.nəs/
n. 尴尬;笨拙
🔊
basking /bɑːskɪŋ/
v. 晒太阳;享受温暖(bask的现在分词)
🔊
rural /ˈrʊə.rəl/
adj. 乡村的;农村的
🔊
laziness /ˈleɪ.zi.nəs/
n. 懒惰;懒散
🔊
carting /kɑːtɪŋ/
v. 用车运送(cart的现在分词)
🔊
dung /dʌŋ/
n. 粪肥;动物粪便
🔊
ploughed /plaʊd/
v. 犁地(plough的过去分词)
🔊
heaping /hiːpɪŋ/
v. 堆积(heap的现在分词)
🔊
shares /ʃeəz/
n. 犁铧(share的复数,指农具的一部分)
🔊
ploughs /plaʊz/
n. 犁(plough的复数)
🔊
trudging /trʌdʒɪŋ/
v. 跋涉;步履艰难地走(trudge的现在分词)
🔊
counting-house /ˈkaʊn.tɪŋ ˌhaʊs/
n. 账房;会计室
Wordbook
字体色:
背景色:
您的数据已保存在此浏览器中

翻译与词汇解析由 Learn-en.org 英语教研组 资深专家提供,
基于权威英语语料库及文学译本审校,适用于雅思/学术英语深度研读。