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Part Four – Chapter six (第六章)

探索《安娜·卡列尼娜》第6章,包含英文原文、中文(简体)翻译、详细的雅思词汇与解释,以及英文原版音频。聆听并提升你的阅读技巧。

英文原文
翻译
雅思词汇 (ZH-CN)
🔊 Alexey Alexandrovitch had gained a brilliant victory at the sitting of the Commission of the 17th of August, but in the sequel this victory cut the ground from under his feet. The new commission for the inquiry into the condition of the native tribes in all its branches had been formed and despatched to its destination with an unusual speed and energy inspired by Alexey Alexandrovitch. Within three months a report was presented. The condition of the native tribes was investigated in its political, administrative, economic, ethnographic, material, and religious aspects. To all these questions there were answers admirably stated, and answers admitting no shade of doubt, since they were not a product of human thought, always liable to error, but were all the product of official activity. The answers were all based on official data furnished by governors and heads of churches, and founded on the reports of district magistrates and ecclesiastical superintendents, founded in their turn on the reports of parochial overseers and parish priests; and so all of these answers were unhesitating and certain. All such questions as, for instance, of the cause of failure of crops, of the adherence of certain tribes to their ancient beliefs, etc.,-questions which, but for the convenient intervention of the official machine, are not, and cannot be solved for ages-received full, unhesitating solution. And this solution was in favor of Alexey Alexandrovitchs contention. But Stremov, who had felt stung to the quick at the last sitting, had, on the reception of the commissions report, resorted to tactics which Alexey Alexandrovitch had not anticipated. Stremov, carrying with him several members, went over to Alexey Alexandrovitchs side, and not contenting himself with warmly defending the measure proposed by Karenin, proposed other more extreme measures in the same direction. These measures, still further exaggerated in opposition to what was Alexey Alexandrovitchs fundamental idea, were passed by the commission, and then the aim of Stremovs tactics became apparent. Carried to an extreme, the measures seemed at once to be so absurd that the highest authorities, and public opinion, and intellectual ladies, and the newspapers, all at the same time fell foul of them, expressing their indignation both with the measures and their nominal father, Alexey Alexandrovitch. Stremov drew back, affecting to have blindly followed Karenin, and to be astounded and distressed at what had been done. This meant the defeat of Alexey Alexandrovitch. But in spite of failing health, in spite of his domestic griefs, he did not give in. There was a split in the commission.

阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇在8月17日委员会会议上取得了辉煌的胜利,但随后这场胜利却使他失去了立足之地。旨在调查土著部族状况各个方面的新委员会,在阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇的推动下,以异常的速度和干劲组建并派往目的地。三个月内就提交了一份报告。土著部族的状况在政治、行政、经济、人种、物质和宗教各方面都得到了调查。所有这些问题都有绝妙的答案,这些答案不容置疑,因为它们不是人类思想的产物(人类思想总是难免错误),而是官方活动的产物。答案全部基于省长和教会首领提供的官方数据,这些数据又基于县法官和教区监督的报告,而后者又基于教区监督和教区牧师的报告;因此所有这些答案都确定无疑,毫无含糊。例如,农作物歉收的原因,某些部族坚守古老信仰等问题--如果没有官方机器这个方便的干预手段,这些问题可能几代人都无法解决--现在都得到了圆满而明确的解答。而这个解答有利于阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇的主张。但是,在上次会议上深受刺激的斯特列莫夫,在收到委员会的报告后,采取了阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇未曾预料到的策略。斯特列莫夫带着几名成员,倒向了阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇一边,不仅热烈拥护卡列宁提出的措施,还提出了同一方向上更为极端的措施。这些措施,与阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇的基本想法背道而驰且更为极端,竟然在委员会中通过了。这时,斯特列莫夫的策略目的就显而易见了。这些措施被推向极端后立即显得如此荒谬,以至于最高当局、公众舆论、知识女性以及报纸都同时对其大加挞伐,表达了对这些措施及其名义上的提出者阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇的愤怒。斯特列莫夫后退了,假装自己盲目地追随了卡列宁,并对已发生的事情感到震惊和痛心。这意味着阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇的失败。但是,尽管身体欠佳,尽管家庭不幸,他并没有屈服。委员会内部出现了分裂。

🔊
brilliant /ˈbrɪliənt/
adj. 卓越的,光辉的
🔊
Commission /kəˈmɪʃn/
n. 委员会
🔊
inquiry /ɪnˈkwaɪəri/
n. 调查,查询
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branches /ˈbrɑːntʃɪz/
n. 分支,分部
🔊
despatched /dɪˈspætʃt/
v. 派遣(过去式)
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destination /ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn/
n. 目的地
🔊
unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/
adj. 不寻常的,独特的
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inspired /ɪnˈspaɪəd/
v. 激发,鼓舞(过去式)
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investigated /ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪtɪd/
v. 调查(过去式)
🔊
administrative /ədˈmɪnɪstrətɪv/
adj. 行政的,管理的
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ethnographic /ˌeθnəˈɡræfɪk/
adj. 人种志的,民族学的
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admirably /ˈædmərəbli/
adv. 可敬地,极好地
🔊
liable /ˈlaɪəbl/
adj. 易于…的,有责任的
🔊
official /əˈfɪʃl/
adj. 官方的,正式的
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furnished /ˈfɜːnɪʃt/
v. 提供(过去式)
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governors /ˈɡʌvənəz/
n. 州长,总督
🔊
magistrates /ˈmædʒɪstreɪts/
n. 地方法官
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ecclesiastical /ɪˌkliːziˈæstɪkl/
adj. 教会的,牧师的
🔊
superintendents /ˌsuːpərɪnˈtendənts/
n. 监督人,主管
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parochial /pəˈrəʊkiəl/
adj. 教区的
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overseers /ˈəʊvəsɪəz/
n. 监工,监督人
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parish /ˈpærɪʃ/
n. 教区
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unhesitating /ʌnˈhezɪteɪtɪŋ/
adj. 毫不犹豫的,迅速的
🔊
adherence /ədˈhɪərəns/
n. 遵守,坚持
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convenient /kənˈviːniənt/
adj. 方便的
🔊
intervention /ˌɪntəˈvenʃn/
n. 干预,介入
🔊
contention /kənˈtenʃn/
n. 争论,论点
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stung /stʌŋ/
v. 刺痛,使痛苦(过去式)
🔊
tactics /ˈtæktɪks/
n. 策略,战术
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anticipated /ænˈtɪsɪpeɪtɪd/
v. 预期,预料(过去式)
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contenting /kənˈtentɪŋ/
v. 使满足(现在分词)
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exaggerated /ɪɡˈzædʒəreɪtɪd/
v. 夸张,夸大(过去式)
🔊
fundamental /ˌfʌndəˈmentl/
adj. 基本的,根本的
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absurd /əbˈsɜːd/
adj. 荒谬的,荒唐的
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authorities /ɔːˈθɒrətiz/
n. 当局,权威
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intellectual /ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl/
adj. 智力的,知识的
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indignation /ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃn/
n. 愤怒,愤慨
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nominal /ˈnɒmɪnl/
adj. 名义上的
🔊
astounded /əˈstaʊndɪd/
adj. 震惊的,大吃一惊的
🔊
distressed /dɪˈstrest/
adj. 痛苦的,忧虑的
🔊
defeat /dɪˈfiːt/
n. 失败,击败
🔊
spite /spaɪt/
n. 恶意,怨恨
🔊
griefs /ɡriːfs/
n. 悲伤,悲痛(复数)
🔊
split /splɪt/
n. 分裂,分歧
🔊 Some members, with Stremov at their head, justified their mistake on the ground that they had put faith in the commission of revision, instituted by Alexey Alexandrovitch, and maintained that the report of the commission was rubbish, and simply so much waste paper. Alexey Alexandrovitch, with a following of those who saw the danger of so revolutionary an attitude to official documents, persisted in upholding the statements obtained by the revising commission. In consequence of this, in the higher spheres, and even in society, all was chaos, and although everyone was interested, no one could tell whether the native tribes really were becoming impoverished and ruined, or whether they were in a flourishing condition. The position of Alexey Alexandrovitch, owing to this, and partly owing to the contempt lavished on him for his wifes infidelity, became very precarious. And in this position he took an important resolution. To the astonishment of the commission, he announced that he should ask permission to go himself to investigate the question on the spot. And having obtained permission, Alexey Alexandrovitch prepared to set off to these remote provinces.

以斯特列莫夫为首的一些委员,以他们信任由阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇设立的修订委员会为理由,为其错误辩解,并坚持说委员会的调查报告是一堆废话,不过是废纸一堆。阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇则带领一批人,他们认为这种对官方文件采取革命性的态度是危险的,坚持维护修订委员会所得出的结论。结果,在上层乃至整个社交界,一片混乱,尽管每个人都关心此事,但谁也无法判断土著部族到底是真的陷入了贫困和毁灭,还是处于繁荣状态。阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇的处境,因此,以及部分由于他妻子不忠所招致的轻蔑,变得岌岌可危。在这种情况下,他做出了一个重大决定。令委员会惊讶的是,他宣布将请求允许他亲自前往当地调查问题。获得许可后,阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇准备前往那些偏远的省份。

🔊
justified /ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪd/
v. 证明……正当(过去式)
🔊
faith /feɪθ/
n. 信任,信仰
🔊
revision /rɪˈvɪʒn/
n. 修订,修改
🔊
instituted /ˈɪnstɪtjuːtɪd/
v. 设立,制定(过去式)
🔊
maintained /meɪnˈteɪnd/
v. 维持,坚持(过去式)
🔊
rubbish /ˈrʌbɪʃ/
n. 垃圾,废话
🔊
revolutionary /ˌrevəˈluːʃənəri/
adj. 革命性的
🔊
attitude /ˈætɪtjuːd/
n. 态度
🔊
documents /ˈdɒkjʊmənts/
n. 文件,文档
🔊
persisted /pəˈsɪstɪd/
v. 坚持(过去式)
🔊
upholding /ʌpˈhəʊldɪŋ/
v. 支持,维护(现在分词)
🔊
statements /ˈsteɪtmənts/
n. 陈述,声明
🔊
obtained /əbˈteɪnd/
v. 获得(过去式)
🔊
revising /rɪˈvaɪzɪŋ/
v. 修订(现在分词)
🔊
consequence /ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/
n. 后果,结果
🔊
spheres /sfɪəz/
n. 领域,范围
🔊
chaos /ˈkeɪɒs/
n. 混乱
🔊
impoverished /ɪmˈpɒvərɪʃt/
adj. 贫困的
🔊
ruined /ˈruːɪnd/
adj. 毁灭的,破产的
🔊
flourishing /ˈflʌrɪʃɪŋ/
adj. 繁荣的,茂盛的
🔊
contempt /kənˈtempt/
n. 轻视,蔑视
🔊
lavished /ˈlævɪʃt/
v. 慷慨给予(过去式)
🔊
infidelity /ˌɪnfɪˈdeləti/
n. 不忠,背叛
🔊
precarious /prɪˈkeəriəs/
adj. 不稳定的,危险的
🔊
resolution /ˌrezəˈluːʃn/
n. 决心,决议
🔊
astonishment /əˈstɒnɪʃmənt/
n. 惊讶
🔊
announced /əˈnaʊnst/
v. 宣布(过去式)
🔊
investigate /ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt/
v. 调查
🔊
spot /spɒt/
n. 地点,现场
🔊
permission /pəˈmɪʃn/
n. 许可,允许
🔊
prepared /prɪˈpeəd/
v. 准备(过去式)
🔊
remote /rɪˈməʊt/
adj. 遥远的,边远的
🔊
provinces /ˈprɒvɪnsɪz/
n. 省份

阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇的出行引起了轰动,尤其因为就在出发前,他正式退还了官方拨给他前往目的地的十二匹马的路费。

🔊
departure /dɪˈpɑːtʃə/
n. 离开,出发
🔊
sensation /senˈseɪʃn/
n. 轰动,感觉
🔊
officially /əˈfɪʃəli/
adv. 官方地
🔊
posting-fares /ˈpəʊstɪŋ feəz/
n. 驿站费

“我认为这非常高尚,”贝特西对米亚卡娅公爵夫人这样评论道,“既然大家都知道现在到处都有铁路,为什么还要拿驿马费呢?”但米亚卡娅公爵夫人不同意,特维尔斯基公爵夫人的意见确实让她恼火。“你这么说当然轻松,”她说,“你家里有几百万我也不知道;但我很高兴我丈夫夏天去巡视。这对他有好处,旅行中也很愉快,而对我来说,用那笔钱养活一辆马车和一名车夫是固定的安排。”

🔊
noble /ˈnəʊbl/
adj. 高尚的,高贵的
🔊
annoyed /əˈnɔɪd/
adj. 烦恼的,生气的
🔊
tour /tʊə/
n. 旅行,巡回
🔊
pleasant /ˈpleznt/
adj. 愉快的,舒适的
🔊
traveling /ˈtrævəlɪŋ/
v. 旅行(现在分词)
🔊
settled /ˈsetld/
v. 解决,安定(过去式)
🔊
arrangement /əˈreɪndʒmənt/
n. 安排
🔊
carriage /ˈkærɪdʒ/
n. 四轮马车
🔊
coachman /ˈkəʊtʃmən/
n. 马车夫

在前往偏远省份的途中,阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇在莫斯科逗留了三天。到达后的第二天,他拜访总督回来。在报亭广场的十字路口,那里总是挤满了马车和雪橇,阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇突然听到有人大声而欢快地喊他的名字,他不由地回头望去。在人行道的拐角处,站着一个穿着时髦短大衣、戴着低顶流行礼帽、帽子歪戴、笑容中露出白牙和红唇的人--是斯捷潘·阿尔卡季耶维奇,神采奕奕,年轻而容光焕发。

🔊
governor-general /ˈɡʌvənə ˈdʒenərəl/
n. 总督
🔊
crossroads /ˈkrɒsrəʊdz/
n. 十字路口
🔊
sledges /sledʒɪz/
n. 雪橇(复数)
🔊
stylish /ˈstaɪlɪʃ/
adj. 时髦的,有格调的
🔊
low-crowned /ˌləʊ ˈkraʊnd/
adj. 低冠的
🔊
jauntily /ˈdʒɔːntɪli/
adv. 得意洋洋地,充满自信地
🔊
askew /əˈskjuː/
adv. 歪斜地
🔊
gleam /ɡliːm/
n. 闪光,微光
🔊
radiant /ˈreɪdiənt/
adj. 容光焕发的,光芒四射的
🔊
beaming /ˈbiːmɪŋ/
adj. 喜气洋洋的,满面笑容的

他使劲地、急切地喊他,坚持要他停下。他一只胳膊搭在停在拐角处的一辆马车的车窗上,车窗里探出两个孩子的头和一位戴着天鹅绒帽子的女士的头。斯捷潘·阿尔卡季耶维奇微笑着向他的姐夫招手。那位女士也露出和善的微笑,她也向阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇挥手。那是多莉和她的孩子们。

🔊
vigorously /ˈvɪɡərəsli/
adv. 有力地,充满活力地
🔊
urgently /ˈɜːdʒəntli/
adv. 紧急地
🔊
thrust /θrʌst/
v. 猛推,刺入(过去分词)
🔊
velvet /ˈvelvɪt/
n. 天鹅绒
🔊
beckoning /ˈbekənɪŋ/
v. 招手(现在分词)
🔊
brother-in-law /ˈbrʌðər ɪn lɔː/
n. 姐夫,妹夫;连襟

阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇不想在莫斯科见到任何人,尤其是他妻子的哥哥。他抬了抬帽子,想继续前行,但斯捷潘·阿尔卡季耶维奇让他的车夫停下,跑过雪地向他走来。

“哎呀,不告诉我们一声,多不好啊!来了多久了?我昨天在杜索旅馆的旅客名单上看到‘卡列宁’这个名字,但我根本没想到是你,”斯捷潘·阿尔卡季耶维奇把头伸进马车车窗说,“否则我就去找你了。见到你真高兴!”他说着,一只脚磕着另一只脚,抖掉雪。“不告诉我们,真不像话!”他重复道。

“我没时间;我很忙,”阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇冷淡地回答。

🔊
dryly /ˈdraɪli/
adv. 冷淡地,干巴巴地
🔊Come to my wife, she does so want to see you.”

“到我妻子那里去吧,她非常想见你。”

阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇掀开裹着他冻僵的双脚的毯子,下了马车,踩着雪向达里娅·亚历山德罗夫娜走去。

🔊
unfolded /ʌnˈfəʊldɪd/
v. 展开,打开(过去式)

“哎呀,阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇,你为什么这样避开我们?”多莉笑着说。

🔊I was very busy. Delighted to see you!” he said in a tone clearly indicating that he was annoyed by it. “How are you?”

“我很忙。很高兴见到你!”他用一种显然表明他很恼火的语气说。“你好吗?”

🔊
indicating /ˈɪndɪkeɪtɪŋ/
v. 表明,指示
🔊Tell me, how is my darling Anna?”

“告诉我,我亲爱的安娜怎么样?”

阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇含糊地嘟囔了一句什么,想要走开。但斯捷潘·阿尔卡季耶维奇拦住了他。

🔊
mumbled /ˈmʌmbld/
v. 嘟囔,含糊地说(过去式)
🔊I tell you what well do tomorrow. Dolly, ask him to dinner. Well ask Koznishev and Pestsov, so as to entertain him with our Moscow celebrities.”

“我说明天我们这样安排。多莉,请他吃饭。我们请科兹尼舍夫和佩斯佐夫,这样用我们莫斯科的名人来招待他。”

🔊
entertain /ˌentərˈteɪn/
v. 招待;娱乐;使有兴趣
🔊
celebrities /səˈlebritiz/
n. 名人,名流(复数)
🔊Yes, please, do come,” said Dolly; “we will expect you at five, or six oclock, if you like. How is my darling Anna? How long...”

“好的,请一定来,”多莉说,“我们五点钟或者六点钟等你,如果你方便的话。我亲爱的安娜怎么样?她多久……”

🔊
expect /ɪkˈspekt/
v. 期待;预料
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darling /ˈdɑːrlɪŋ/
n. 亲爱的;心爱的人
🔊She is quite well,” Alexey Alexandrovitch mumbled, frowning. “Delighted!” and he moved away towards his carriage.

“她很好,”阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇皱着眉头含糊地说。“很高兴!”然后他向他的马车走去。

🔊
frowning /ˈfraʊnɪŋ/
v. 皱眉(现在分词)
🔊
Delighted /dɪˈlaɪtɪd/
adj. 高兴的,欣喜的

“你会来吗?”多莉在他身后喊道。

阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇说了句什么,但多莉在行驶的马车嘈杂声中没能听清。

“我明天去拜访!”斯捷潘·阿尔卡季耶维奇对他喊道。

阿列克谢·亚历山德罗维奇上了马车,缩进座位里,既不看别人,也不被别人看见。

🔊
buried /ˈberid/
v. 埋葬;掩藏;使沉浸(过去式)

“古怪的家伙!”斯捷潘·阿尔卡季耶维奇对妻子说,然后看了看表,在脸前做了一个手势,表示对妻子和孩子的爱抚,便迈着轻快的步伐沿着人行道走了。

🔊
Queer /kwɪr/
adj. 奇怪的,异常的
🔊
glancing /ˈɡlænsɪŋ/
v. 瞥一眼,扫视(现在分词)
🔊
motion /ˈmoʊʃn/
n. 动作;手势;运动
🔊
caress /kəˈres/
n. 爱抚;抚摸
🔊
pavement /ˈpeɪvmənt/
n. 人行道

“斯季瓦!斯季瓦!”多莉红着脸喊道。他转过身来。“我得给格里沙和塔尼娅买外套,你知道的。给我钱。”

🔊
reddening /ˈrednɪŋ/
v. 变红,脸红(现在分词)
🔊Never mind; you tell them Ill pay the bill!” and he vanished, nodding genially to an acquaintance who drove by.

“没关系;你告诉他们我来付账!”他消失了,向一位驱车经过的熟人亲切地点了点头。

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vanished /ˈvænɪʃt/
v. 消失;消散(过去式)
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nodding /ˈnɑːdɪŋ/
v. 点头(现在分词)
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genially /ˈdʒiːniəli/
adv. 亲切地;和蔼地
🔊
acquaintance /əˈkweɪntəns/
n. 熟人;相识
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翻译与词汇解析由 Learn-en.org 英语教研组 资深专家提供,
基于权威英语语料库及文学译本审校,适用于雅思/学术英语深度研读。